Previous Year Questions

QUESTION ID:2

During physical exercise, the oxygen supply to the active muscles is increased which has been explained by the following statements:

A. PO2 declines and PCO2 rises in the active muscles

B. The temperature is increased and pH is decreased in active muscles

C. 2, 3-biphosphoglycerate is decreased in RBC and PO2 rises

D. Metabolites accumulating in the active muscles increase the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen

Which one of the following is NOT correct?

QUESTION ID:3

Somatic recombination was caused by mild exposure to radiation on flies heterozygous for a given allele during specific stages of development and the individuals were allowed to develop. Such individuals are likely to have

A. clones of homozygous cells in heterozygous body.

B. site specific mutagenesis.

C. twin spots, i.e., patches of mutants cells and homozygous wild type cells in heterozygous body

D. tissue specific expression of the given allele.

Which of the following combination of answers will be most appropriate?

QUESTION ID:4

The fractional clearance of neutral and cationic dextran molecules of various sizes through kidneys of a rat is shown in the figures below. Which one of the following is correct?

QUESTION ID:5

Following are certain statements related to plants exposed to dehydration stress:

A. When the water potential of the rhizosphere decreases due to water deficit, plants continue to absorb water as long as plant water potential islower than that of soil water.

B. The ratio of root to shoot growth, increases in response to water deficit

C. Plant cells tend to release solutes to lower water potential during periods of osmotic stress. .

D. Abscisic acid is synthesized at higher rate when leaves are dehydrated, and more ABA accumulates in the leaf apoplast.

Which one of the following combinations of above statements is correct?

QUESTION ID:6

Which one of the following is the most appropriate match for the protected areas of India?

QUESTION ID:7

Estradiol synthesis follows a 2 cell-2- gonadotropin theory, where partial synthesis occurs in the granulosa cells and the rest in the thecainterna cells of the Graafian follicle. Which of the following correctly represents estradiol synthesis and secretion?

QUESTION ID:8

Sickle cell anemia is a recessive genetic disease caused due to a point mutation in the 6th codon abolishing one of the MspII endonuclease digestion site present in the β-globin gene. MspII digested DNA from a normal person gives two bands, 1150 bp and 200 bp, in β-globin gene. A family with a proband (based on the disease phenotype) gave the following MspII digestion pattern:The following conclusions were drawn:

A. Son (I) is the proband and the given mutation is not present in Son (II).

B. The daughter is a carrier for the given mutation.

C. The gene is X-linked and thus Son (I), becomes the proband.

D. The father and daughter are affected

E. A de novo mutation in same site on normal allele has allowed appearance of diseased phenotype in the probandWhich of the following combination of conclusions wilt be the most appropriate for the figure given above?

QUESTION ID:9

The mechanism of sound localization in a 'horizontal plane' by the human" auditory system can be explained by

A. the difference in time between the arrival of stimulus in two ears

B. the difference in phase of the sound waves on two ears

C. the difference in tuning curves of two auditory nerves

D. the activity of neurons in superior olivary nucleus, but not by the neuronal activity of auditory cortex

Which one of the following is NOT correct?

QUESTION ID:10

The following table shows selected characters used in analyzing the phylogenetic relationships of four plant taxa:Taxa T1, T2, T3 and T4 are respectively:

QUESTION ID:11

In high altitude, hypoxia induces increased number of circulating red blood cells, which can be explained by the following changes:

A. The transcription factors, HIPs are produced.

B. Erythropoietin secretion is increased

C. Myoglobin content is decreased

D. Cytochrome oxidase is decreased

Which one of following is NOT true?

QUESTION ID:12

Given below are the characteristics of a few mammalian order. Match the names of the animals with the characteristics of their orders:

A. Hooves with even number of toes on each foot, omnivorous

B. Teeth consisting of many thin tubes cemented together, eats ants and termites

C. Opposable thumbs, forward facing eyes, well developed cerebral cortex, omnivorous.

D. Hooves with an add number of toes on each foot; herbivorous

(i) Tapir

(ii) Lemur

(iii) Aardvark

(iv) PigChoose

the correct combination

QUESTION ID:13

Which of the following is true about the Digestion Efficiency (DE)-(assimilation/consumption) and Ecological Efficiency (EE (production/consumption) of ectotherms and endotherms?

QUESTION ID:14

Given below is a matrix of possible interactions beneficial. (+), harmful (-), Neutral (0) between species 1 and 2. The names of interactions, A, B, Cand D, respectively; are

QUESTION ID:15

Which of the following is/are NOT valid explanation(s) for the observed pattern of species richness?

A. Older communities are more species rich.

B. Large areas support more species.

C. Natural enemies promote reduced species richness at local level.

D. Communities in climatically similar habitats may themselves be similar in species richness.

E. Greater productivity permits existence of more species.

QUESTION ID:16

Two lakes (I and II) with a similar trophic structure of phytoplankton-zooplankton, planktivorous fish food chain were chosen. To understand the 'top-down' effects, some piscivorous fish (those that feed on planktivorous fish) were introduced into Lake I, making it a system with four trophic levels. Lake II was enriched by adding large quantities of nitrates and phosphates to study the 'bottom-up' effects over a period of time. Changes in the biomasses of each trophic level were measuredThe expected major changes in the two lakes are 

QUESTION ID:17

The following table shows the number of individuals of each species found in two communities: (Hint: In values for 0.05, 0.10, 0.25 and 0.80 are -3.0, -2.3, -1.4 and -0.2, respectively) The calculated Shannon diversity index (H) values for communities C1 and C2, respectively are 

QUESTION ID:18

In a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the genotype frequencies are: f(A1A1)= 0.59; f(A1A2) = 0.16; f(A2A2) = 0.25. What are the frequencies of the two alleles at this locus? 

QUESTION ID:19

Following are the main types of defense employed by prey species against predators Types of defense: Chemical with aposematic coloration

(A); Cryptic coloration

(B); Batesian mimicry

(C); Intimidation display

(D) Prey Species: Grasshoppers and seahorses

(i); Hoverflies and wasps (ii); Bombardier beetles, ladybird beetles, many butterflies (iii); Frilled lizard, Porcupine fish (iv)

Which one of the following combinations is correct? 

QUESTION ID:20

In the evolutionary tree given below terms A, B, C, D and E represent respectively

QUESTION ID:21

Which of the following options match the plant tissue type with its correct function in vascular plants? 

QUESTION ID:22

Following is the list of some important events in the history of life and the names of the epochs of Cenozoic era.Events

A. Angiosperm dominance increases; continue radiation of most present day mammalian orders

B. Major radiation of mammals, birds and pollinating insects

C. Origins of many primate groups

D. Origin of genus Homo

E. Appearance of bipedal human ancestors

F. Continued radiation of mammals and angiosperms, earliest direct human ancestors Epochs I

(i)Paleocene (ii) Pleistocene (iii) Oligocene (iv) Pliocene (v) Eocene (vi) Miocene

Which one of the following is the correct match of events with the epochs?

QUESTION ID:23

Which of the following gives the correct human disease- causal microbe match for each?

QUESTION ID:24

Match the five (A -E) group of organisms with their correct' taxonomic rank (i - v) given below:

QUESTION ID:25

Compared to K-selection, r-selection favours

QUESTION ID:26

Homing pigeons, when released at a place far away from their home, use earth's magnetic field or the sun as navigational cues and choose the right direction to fly. To test the hypotheses, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment I, one group of pigeons (Test) were equipped with Helmholtz coils (which disrupt magnetic field detection), while the second group (Control) were not. Both groups were released on a sunny day. Experiment II used the same Control and Test groups of pigeons, but they were released on a cloudy, overcast day. The expected results, if the hypotheses is true, would be

QUESTION ID:27

Brothers A and B have the same father but different mothers. B wants A to help him, which involves both benefits (b) and costs (c) for A. If A incurs a cost of 30 'Darwinian fitness units' in that act, under what condition, should he help B, following Hamilton’s rule?

QUESTION ID:28

A protein undergoes post-translational modifications. In an experiment to identify the nature of modifications, the following experimental results were obtained.

A. Protein moved more slowly in an SDS PAGE.

B. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) showed that there was no change in the pI.

C. Mass spectrometric analysis showed that the modification was on serineThe modification that the protein undergoes is likely to be

QUESTION ID:29

In transgenic mice, the orientation an location of the loxP sites determine whether Cre recombinase induces a deletion, an inversion or a chromosomal translocation. If a researcher wants to put loxP sites in such a manner that only inversion will take place, which one of the following construct best justifies their intension. Gene X is the target gene.

QUESTION ID:30

For the aquaculture farming of Indian major carps several techniques are used. Which one of the following is NOT used for this purpose:

QUESTION ID:31

A gene from genomic library is screened by using hybridization technique. After hybridizing the probe, usually a stringent washing step is given. The following statements are given to explain the stringent washing step:

A. Stringent washing takes care of removing unincorporated and non-specifically hybridized probe molecules

B. Stringent washing is done in solution having high salt concentration and lower temperature

C. Stringent washing is done in solution having low salt concentration keeping higher temperature

D. Salt present in washing solution supports hybrids to stay intact by shielding the interference of water molecules

E. Salt reacts with DNA molecules and allows easy dissociation of hybrids

F. Stability of hybrid is directly proportional to the temperature

Which combination of the above statements is most appropriate for stringent washing, step?

QUESTION ID:32

In a confirmatory test for HIV, one or more viral antigens are detected in the blood of patients. Following are the steps to be performed for the experiment:

A. Transfer of viral antigens to nitrocellulose paper

B. Incubation with the buffer containing antibodies specific for viral antigens.

C. Separation of viral antigens by SDS-PAGE

D. Detection of bands by enzyme-linked secondary antibody Identify the correct sequence steps to be performed for the experiment.

QUESTION ID:33

In response to a drug, changes in protein levels were examined in a cell line. A pulse chase experiment was performed using 35S labeled methionine. In comparison, to untreated samples, the following observations were made: few minutes after stimulation, protein X accumulates and this was followed by reduction in protein Y and Z. The correct interpretation of these observations would be:

QUESTION ID:34

A student while constructing knock-out mice isolated mouse embryonic, stem cells and introduced an engineered DNA into the cells. However, none of the mice were transgenic. On checking the cells containing DNA construct, he found that he had made a mistake in constructing the DNA since the cells were resistant to gancyclovir but sensitive to G418. Which one of the following constructs had he

QUESTION ID:35

The most important property of any microscope is its resolution (D) and can be calculated from the formulaD= 0.61λ/ N sinαwhere D is, minimum distance between two distinguishable objects,A. is the wave length of incident light, a is, the angular aperture and N is the refractive index of the medium. Given below are several suggestions to improve the resolution of a microscope:

A. decrease the wave length of incident light

B. increase the wave length of incident light

C. use oil which has a higher refractive index

D. use oil because of its lower refractive index

Which one is the correct suggestion?

QUESTION ID:36

The mean and standard deviation of serum cholesterol in a population of senior citizens are assumed to be 200 and 24mg/dl, respectively. In a random sample of 36 senior citizens, what values of cholesterol (to the nearest whole number) should lead to rejection of the null hypothesis at 95% confidence level?

QUESTION ID:37

The following genes have been genetically engineered to develop herbicide resistance in plants:

A. Resistance to glyphosate using the 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene

B. Bialaphos resistance using the bar gene

C Sulfonyl urea resistance using the acetolactate synthase gene

D. Atrazine resistance using the glutathione S-transferase gene .

In which of the above two cases the mechanism is based on abolition of herbicide binding to the enzyme?

QUESTION ID:38

Somatic embryogenesis is an important exercise in micropropagation and genetic engineering of plants. The following steps are considered as critical for achieving somatic embryogenesis:

A. Reducing the concentration of sucrose in the medium by half.

B. Addition of the hormone, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to induce somatic embryos.

C. Reduce agar concentration to 0.6% (w/v)

D. Use maltose in place of sucrose as a carbon source

Which one of the following combinations is correct?

QUESTION ID:39

Factor IX is essential for blood clotting. Deficiency of Factor IX could be corrected by delivering factor IX gene using viral vectors. In an experiment the gene for Factor IX was cloned appropriately into Adenovirus (AV), Adeno-associated virus (AAV) and Retrovirus (RV). Retrovirus integrate the gene into the dividing cells. AAV integrates partially into non-dividing cells. AV does not integrate the gene but transfects both dividing and non-dividing cells.

Following expression profile for Factor IX was observed when the three vectors were injected' intra-muscularly into three groups of experimental mice. Which one of the following outcomes is correct?