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Previous Year Questions

TLS Online TPP Program

QUESTION ID:1

In a 100 m race A beats B by 10 m. B beats C by 5 m. By how many meters does A beat C?

QUESTION ID:2

Suppose (i) "A*B" means "A is the father of B", (ii) "A B" means "A is the husband of B", (iii) "A B" means "A is the wife of B" and (iv) "A B", means "A is the sister of B". Which of the following represents "C is the father-in-law of the sister of D"? 

QUESTION ID:3

In a group of 11 persons each shakes hand with every other once and only once. What is the total number of such handshakes?

QUESTION ID:4

Path of a ray of light between two mirrors is shown in the diagram. If the length of each mirror is l, what is the total path length of the ray between the mirrors?

QUESTION ID:5

What is the value of (1+3+5+7+….. + 4033) + 7983 × 2017?

QUESTION ID:6

What is the last digit of (2017)^2017?

QUESTION ID:7

Pick the correct statement:

QUESTION ID:8

 A librarian is arranging a thirteen-volume encyclopaedia on the shelf from left to right in the following order of volume numbers: 8, 11, 5, 4, 9, 1, 7, 6, 10, 3, 12, 2. In this pattern, where should the volume 13 be placed?

QUESTION ID:9

Nine-eleventh of the members of a parliamentary committee are men. Of the men, two-thirds are from the Rajya Sabha. Further, 7/11 of the total committee members are from the Rajya Sabha. What fraction of the total number are women from the Lok Sabha?

QUESTION ID:10

When a farmer was asked as to how many animals he had, he replied that all but two were cows, all but two were horses and all but two were pigs. How many animals did he have?

QUESTION ID:11

The distribution of marks of students in a class is given by the following chart: If 3.30 marks is the passing score in a 10 mark question paper, which of the following is false?


QUESTION ID:12

Mohan lent Geeta as much money as she already had. She then spent Rs.10. Next day, he again lent as much money as Geeta now had, and she spent Rs.10 again. On the third day, Mohan again lent as much money as Geeta now had, and she again spent Rs.10. If Geeta was left with no money. at the end of the third day, how much money did she have initially?

QUESTION ID:13

 In a sequence of 24 positive integers, the product of any two consecutive integers is 24. If the 17th member of the sequence is 6, the 7th member is

QUESTION ID:14

 The prices of diamonds having a particular colour and clarity are tabulated below: How many 0.25 carat diamonds can be purchased for the price of a 2 carat diamond?

QUESTION ID:15

The university needs to appoint a new Vice Chancellor which will be based on seniority. Ms. West is less senior to Mr. North but more senior to Ms. East. Mr. South is senior to Ms. West but junior to Mr. North. If the senior-most declines the assignment, then who will be the new Vice Chancellor of the University?

QUESTION ID:16

Areas of the three rectangles inside the full rectangle are given in the diagram What is the area of the full rectangle? 


QUESTION ID:17

Which should be the correct pattern in the empty square?

QUESTION ID:18

How much gold and copper (in g), respectively, are required to make a 120 g bar of 22 carat gold?

QUESTION ID:19

A water tank that is 40% empty holds 40 L more water than when it is 40% full. How much water does it hold when it is full?

QUESTION ID:20

If all the angles of a triangle are prime numbers, which of the following could be one such angle?

QUESTION ID:21

Which one of the following peptides can coexist in both cis and trans conformation?

QUESTION ID:22

Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

QUESTION ID:23

Which one of the following pair of amino acids are  glucogenic and ketogenic in nature?

QUESTION ID:24

The (OH-) of 0.1 N HCI solution is 

QUESTION ID:25

Ability of a membrane protein to span the lipid bilayer  strictly depends on the presence of

QUESTION ID:26

Which one of the listed below is a P-type ion transporter?

QUESTION ID:27

The cell maintains a high concentration of protons inside the lysosome because of

QUESTION ID:28

It is known that there is a large difference in the DNA content between two organisms with similar developmental complexity. This is due to large differences in the number of

QUESTION ID:29

Uracil containing plasmid was constructed and was used in transformation into the wild type (ung+) and uracil-N- glycosylase mutated (ung-) E. coli cells and scored for transformants in the presence of appropriate antibiotics. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the experimental outcome?

QUESTION ID:30

E. coli takes 40 min. to duplicate its genome using a bi- directional mode of replication. If E. coli were to use uni- directional mode of replication to synthesize a full copy of DNA complementary to just one of the strands of the genome, it would take

QUESTION ID:31

Transcriptional regulation of trp operon by tryptophan involves binding of tryptophan to

QUESTION ID:32

Phosphorylation of elF2 α subunits (at Ser 51) leads to

QUESTION ID:33

If a disease caused by an intracellular pathogen is associated with host anti-inflammatory response, which one of the following may lead to an effective therapeutic approach?

QUESTION ID:34

Cervical cancer-causing papilloma virus produces two oncoproteins E6 and E7 which are responsible for interfering with cell cycle regulation by

QUESTION ID:35

Which one of the following permits the rapid diffusion of small, water-soluble molecules between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells?

QUESTION ID:36

Which one of the following is NOT true for alternative pathway of complement activation?

QUESTION ID:37

Fertilization in sea urchin eggs involves Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum for cortical granule reactivation. The major molecule responsible for releasing Ca2+ from intracellular stores is

QUESTION ID:38

What is the observed phenotype when the ultrabithorax gene is deleted in Drosophila?

QUESTION ID:39

Which one of the following statements with respect to amphibian development is correct?

QUESTION ID:40

Which one of the following statements related to components/features of senescence in plants is INCORRECT?

QUESTION ID:41

Which one of the following secondary metabolites is characterized by the presence of a central carbon atom that is bound by a sulphur to a glycone group, and N by a nitrogen to a sulfonated oxime group?

QUESTION ID:42

Dark grown Arabidopsis seedlings show ‘triple response’ when exposed to ethylene hormone. Which one of the following options is characteristic of 'triple response'?

QUESTION ID:43

Brassinosteroids are a group of steroid hormones that function in a variety of cellular and developmental contexts in plants. Which one of the following acts as an inhibitor of the brassinosteroid receptor?

QUESTION ID:44

Which one of the following metabolites moves from mitochondria to peroxisome during the operation of the C2 oxidative photosynthetic cycle?

QUESTION ID:45

Sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons that are cholinergic, innervate

QUESTION ID:46

Melanopsin is found in which cell of the retina?

QUESTION ID:47

Prestin, a membrane protein, is found in which one of the following cells of the organ of Corti?

QUESTION ID:48

Two individuals A and B, each of 75 kg body weight, have similar volume of body water. Both of them had high salt snack. However, individual A also had a glass of alcoholic drink. Based on this information, which one of the following statements is true?

QUESTION ID:49

An intron was cloned within a transposable element. Absence of the intron following transposition of the element, will indicate that it

QUESTION ID:50

In an organism, allele for red eye colour is dominant over the allele for white eye colour. A cross is made between a white eyed male and a red eyed female. In the progeny all males are red eyed while the females are white eyed. The reciprocal cross leads to all red eyed progeny. Based on the above information which one of the following conclusions is correct?

QUESTION ID:51

In a sample from a population there were 65 individuals with BB genotype, 30 individuals with Bb genotype and 15 individuals with bb genotype. The frequency of the 'b' allele is

QUESTION ID:52

A male snail homozygous for dextral alleles is crossed with a female homozygous for sinistral alleles. All the F1 individuals showed sinistral phenotype. When F1 progeny snails were self fertiIized all individuals of F2 progeny had dextral coiling. This experiment demonstrated

QUESTION ID:53

Bipinnaria and brachiolaria are the larval forms of

QUESTION ID:54

The animal belonging to phylum Onchophora

QUESTION ID:55

Which one of the following parameters is NOT used in phenetic classification of bacteria?

QUESTION ID:56

Which of the following groups represents SAR clade of protists?

QUESTION ID:57

Given below are biodiversity hotspots in decreasing order of endemic plant species recorded in them. Select the correct order.

QUESTION ID:58

Which of the following options lists ecosystems in increasing order of plant productivity per day per unit leaf area?

QUESTION ID:59

A general increase in the average body mass of animal population within a species with latitude is known as

QUESTION ID:60

Ruderal species arc those which are found in the environments with

QUESTION ID:61

Scientists discovered two new plant species. "A" and "B"that look similar except that, species "A" bears flowers and leaves that are twice the size of those in species "B''. Which method should the scientists use to appropriately investigate if species "A" is a result of gene duplication in species "B''?

QUESTION ID:62

A group of palaeontologists digging in an area discovers a pre-historic human burial site. The same group, while exploring a nearby area, discovered fossil remains of what appeared to be more than 100 million year old dinosaur bones. Which of the following combinations of modern radiometric dating techniques should they use to calculate the age of these fossils most accurately?

QUESTION ID:63

Given below are statements related to the two competing hypotheses on the origin of modern humans: the Out-of-Africa hypothesis and the multi-regional hypothesis. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

QUESTION ID:64

Which one of the following statements is TRUE for positive frequency dependent selection?

QUESTION ID:65

The MALDI mass spectrum of a peptide gave a single peak with M/z of 2000. The ESI mass spectrum of the same peptide gave multiple peaks. These observations indicate that

QUESTION ID:66

Protein conformational dynamics CANNOT be determined by which one of the following techniques

QUESTION ID:67

Given below are a few statements on Agrobacterium mediated transformation of plants. Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?

QUESTION ID:68

Which one of the following assay systems can specifically detect apoptotic cells?

QUESTION ID:69

From the various techniques listed below, which one CANNOT be used to precisely map the transcription start-site of a gene?

QUESTION ID:70

Following are statements to depict relationship among measures of central tendency in a skewed dataset

A. In positively skewed datasets, mean > median > mode

B. In positively skewed datasets, mode >median > mean

C. In negatively skewed datasets, mean>median > mode

D. In negatively skewed datasets, mode> median> mean

Which of the above statements are TRUE?

QUESTION ID:71

Following are structures of stereoisomers of aldohexoses which differ in the stereochemistry

based on above structures, following information was given below:

A. D-glucose and D-mannose are epimers because they differ in the stereochemistry at C-2 position.

B. D-glucose and D-galactose are epimers because they differ in the stereochemistry at C-4 position.

C. D-mannose and D-glucose are epimers because they differ in the stereochemistry at C-3 position.

D. D-galactose and D-glucose are epimers because they differ in the stereochemistry at C-5 position. 

Choose one of the correct combinations of above statements:

QUESTION ID:72

Following statements are made related to protein structure

A. The hydrogen bonding patterns between the CO and NH groups are n → n + 3 in α-helix; n → n + 4 in 310 helix and n → n+ 5 in π helix.

B. In a β turn, there are 10 atoms between the hydrogen bond donor and acceptor.

C. In a tum, there are 6 atoms between the hydrogen bond donor and acceptor.

D. Parallel sheets have evenly spaced hydrogen bonds, which bridge the strands at an angle.

Which one of the following combinations of above statements is correct?

QUESTION ID:73

The following statements are made on nucleic acid structure:

A. In the B-form of DNA, the sugar pucker is C2' endo.

B. In RNA, the sugar pucker is C3' exo.

C. The wobble base pair is formed between G and A in RNA.

D. A change in the sugar pucker from C2' endo in the B form of

DNA to C3' endo alters the width and depth of the major groove.

Which one of the following combinations of above statements is correct?

QUESTION ID:74

The Vmax and Km from a Lineweaver-Burk plot of an enzyme reaction where 1/v= 40 μM^(-1)  min at 1/S = 0 and 1/S = -1.5 × 10^2at mM^(-1) at 1/v= 0 are

QUESTION ID:75

From the following statements:

A. Biosynthesis of proteins and nucleic acids from precursors results in production of chemical energy in the form of ATP, NADH, NADPH and FADH2,

B. The spontaneity of a reaction in cells does not depend whether ΔG0 for the reaction is positive or negative.

C. Both oxidative phosphorylation and photo- phosphorylation involve oxidation of H2O to O2.

D. Only chemical potential energy contributes to proton motive force in mitochondria.

Which one of the following combinations represents all INCORRECT statements?

QUESTION ID:76

Match the enzymes in Column A with their respective biological function in Column B:  Choose the correct combinations of answers from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:77

An integral membrane protein (P) has been identified as a cell surface protein of hepatocytes and assigned to bind to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and promote its entry into cytosol. Upon binding to HBV particles, the C-terminal of P interacts with F-actin in the cytosol and in turn, helps in the entry of the HBV particles. P was successfully cloned and expressed in animal cells in culture wherein its N- terminal is exposed on the surface while the C-terminal resides in the cytosol. The recombinant protein P so expressed retains its complete structure and function. From the list of experiments given below, which one of the experiments will you perform to show that C- terminal of the protein P via interacting with F-actin helps in HBV entry? 

QUESTION ID:78

The cell membrane of neuron maintains intracellular conditions that differ from those of the extracellular environment. Such difference in intra- and extracellular conditions are critical to the function of the nerve cell as then nerve  cell membrane resembles a charged capacitor. Assuming the electric field (E) across a parallel-plate capacitor is uniform and if membrane thickness is 7 nm and potential difference across the membrane is -60 mV, calculate E of the membrane.

QUESTION ID:79

Two liposome preparations ("X" and "Y") are made using basic lipid composition as phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (Chol). In "Y" a ganglioside (asialo-GM1) is incorporated during the preparation besides PC and Chol. In an attempt to find out the localization of asialo-GM1, in the membrane bilayer of "Y" (taking "X" as a negative control) and considering liposome as a true depiction of lipid bilayer structure of cellular membrane, following reagents are provided as probes:

A. Phospholipase A

B. Galactose binding lectin

C. Exoglycosidase

D. Cyclodextrin

Choose the most appropriate reagent(s) from the above list to ascertain the localization of asialo-GM1-

QUESTION ID:80

Genes translocated to the heterochromatic regions of chromosomes are silenced. In S. pombe, a translocation event was detected wherein a gene of interest was translocated to the centromere region and is silenced. Mutagenesis leading to loss of function of the following target genes was done to allow expression of the gene of interest from its new locus.

A. Mutation in histone deacetylase (Clr3).

B. Mutation in histone acetyltransferase (HAT-8).

C. Mutation in histone H3 lysine 9 methyl transferase (Clr4).

D. Loss of Dicer, an RNA processing enzyme.

Which of the above events could allow the expression of this gene from the centromeric region?

QUESTION ID:81

A group of scientists performed an experiment where the)' artificially fused mouse cells with monkey cells. The resulting fused cells were labelled with fluorescently tagged antibodies against mouse and monkey surface receptor proteins, X and Y respectively. At the time 0 minute just after fusion events, two receptors were confined to their own half in the heterokaryon. However, such surface receptors (X and Y) intermixed on the cell surface after 60 minutes. Which one of the given statements correctly reflects the outcome of the experiment?

QUESTION ID:82

Eg5 is a well-studied protein in Xenopus. To understand the function of Eg5 in mammalian cells, a team of researchers treated mammalian cells during late G2 phase with Eg5- inhibitor. The following diagrams represent images of mitotic cells

Based on the above observation, what function might be attributed to Eg5 during mitosis?

QUESTION ID:83

Actinomycin D inhibits the process of transcription in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. The following statements are made about actinomycin D- mediated inhibition of transcription:

A. Actinomycin D inhibits transcription from a double stranded DNA template by either E. coli or yeast RNA polymerases.

B. Actinomycin D inhibits transcription from a single stranded RNA template by eukaryotic viral RNA polymerases.

C. Actinomycin D inhibits transcription from single stranded Φ × 174 DNA template by E. coli RNA polymerase, immediately after viral DNA entry.

D. Actinomycin D inhibits transcription from double stranded RNA template by eukaryotic RNA polymerase II.

Which of the combinations of the above statements is a true representation of the mechanism of actinomycin D mediated inhibition?

QUESTION ID:84

During maturation process of some RNA molecules, formation of a 2'- 5' phospho- diester bond takes place. Following statements are made about this phenomenon.

A. Spliceosome mediated removal of intronic sequences occurs through the formation of a 2'- 5' phosphodiester bond.

B. Removal of group II introns occurs through the formation of 2'- 5' phospho- diester bond.

C. Enzymatic removal of introns from the yeast tRNA precursors involves 2' - 5' phosphodiester bond formation.

D. RNaseP mediated 5'-end maturation of tRNA precursors involves formation of a 2' - 5' phosphodiester bond

Which one of the following combinations of the statements is a true representation?

QUESTION ID:85

A plasmid with a linking number (Lk) of 200, topological winding (Tw) number of 200 and a writhing number (Wr) of 0 was transformed into E. coli. The plasmid was re-isolated from the culture of the transformant. The re-isolated plasmid was found to possess the same molecular weight as the original plasmid, but it possessed a writhing number of -5. Following statements are made about this observation.

A. Lk of the re-isolated plasmid would be 195.

B. Lk of the re-isolated plasmid would remain 200.

C. Tw of the re-isolated plasmid would remain 200.

D. Tw of the re-isolated plasmid would be 195

Which one of the following combinations of the above statements is correct representation of the facts?

QUESTION ID:86

Following statements are being made about the orientation of the N-glycosidic bond between the base and the sugar in the

following DNA duplexes.

A. 'anti' for B form DNA duplexes

B. 'syn' for B form DNA duplexes

C. 'anti' for A form DNA duplexes

D. 'syn' for A form DNA duplexes 

Which one of the following combinations of the above statements is correct?

QUESTION ID:87

During translation in prokaryotes, when ribosomes reach the termination codon, the termination codon is recognized by the class I release factors (RF1 or RF2) leading to the release of the polypeptide. A second class II release factor (RF3) facilitates the termination process. Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of action of the release factors is INCORRECT?

QUESTION ID:88

E. coli DNA ligase catalyses formation of a phosphodiester pond between the adjoining 3' hydroxyl, and the 5' phosphoryl ends in DNA duplexes. The energetic need for this reaction is met by the hydrolysis of NAD+ to NMN+ and AMP in a three-step reaction. Following statements are being made about the mechanism of this reaction.

(i) AMP is linked to the 5' phosphoryl end of the nicked DNA.

(ii) Adenylyl group of NAD+ is transferred to the -amino group of Lys in DNA ligase to form a phosphoamide adduct.

(iii) DNA ligase catalyses the formation of a phosphodiester bond by the nucleophilic attack of the 3' hydroxyl group onto the phosphate and releases AMP

Based on the statements made above, identify the correct sequence of the reaction steps.

QUESTION ID:89

Given below are the types of vaccination (column A), the diseases or conditions against which these vaccination types are used (column 8) and the advantages or disadvantages for using these vaccination types (column C). Which one of the following combinations is the most appropriate match?

QUESTION ID:90

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are used to detect and respond to many different types of signals, including neurotransmitters, hormones involved in glycogen and fat metabolism and even photons of light. Which one of the following statements regarding GPCR is INCORRECT?

QUESTION ID:91

The following intracellular event occurs in a cell that is subjected to conditions of starvation. Which one of the following statements correctly represents the event shown above?

QUESTION ID:92

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex combination of secreted proteins that is involved in holding cells and tissues together. The components of ECM form a network by binding to each other and communicate with cells by binding to adhesion receptors on the cell surface. ECM comprises mainly two classes of macromolecules, proteoglycans and very high molecular weight large proteins.

Which one of the following statements regarding ECM constituents is INCORRECT?

QUESTION ID:93

Present-day cancer treatment uses many approaches. Beyond surgery and radiation treatment, which are most often employed in cases of larger, more discrete tumors, drug therapies can be used to target residual tumor cells and to attack dispersed cancers. Chemotherapies by anti-cancer drugs are mostly aimed at blocking DNA synthesis and cell division. A list of anti-cancer drugs is given in column A, their chemical nature in column Band their mechanism of action in column C.

QUESTION ID:94

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is the key mediator of somatic hypermutation, gene conversion and classswitch recombination. In order to ascertain the role of AID in class-switch recombination, immune response against a target antigen was compared between AID knock-out mice (AID-/-) with that of mice retaining a functional copy of the AID gene (AID+/-). Development of IgM and IgG antibodies against the target antigen was then measured following successive  immunization and plotted graphically. Which one of the following is the most appropriate representation of the experiment?

QUESTION ID:95

Following statements were made regarding vulval development in Caenorhabditis elegans:

A. The six vulval precursor cells (VPCs) are influenced by the anchor cell to form an equivalence group.

B. In the loss of function lin-12 mutants, both cells become uterine whereas in gain of function mutants, both become anchor cell.

C. If the anchor cell is destroyed early in development, all the six VPCs divide once and contribute towards the formation of hypodermal cells.

D. The anchor cell/ventral uterine precursor decision is due to Notch-Delta mediated mechanism of restricting adjacent cell fates.

E. The paracrine factor secreted by the anchor cell directly activates the Notch-delta pathway.

Which one of the following options represents a combination of correct statements?

QUESTION ID:96

Given below are few statements regarding the role of Disheveled (Dsh) and β-catenin (β-cat) in the development of sea urchin.

A. Dsh is localized in the vegetal cortex of the oocyte before fertilization and in the region of the 16-cell embryo about to become the micromeres.

B. Dsh is localized in the cytosol of the oocyte during oogenesis and in the micromere forming blastomeres of a 16- cell embryo.

C. β-cat accumulates predominantly in the micromeres and somewhat in the veg2 tier cells.

D. Treatment of embryos with lithium chloride does not allow the accumulation of β-cat in the nuclei of all blastula cells, and the animal cells thus become specified as endoderm and mesoderm

E. When β-cat is prevented from entering the nucleus, the embryo develops as a ciliated ectodermal ball.

Which one of the following options represents a combination of correct statements?

QUESTION ID:97

Which one of the following statements regarding limb regeneration in Salamander is correct?

QUESTION ID:98

Change in leaf morphology is observed during transition from vegetative to reproductive phase in several plants. The following statements are proposed to explain the above observation:
A.  Alteration in the gene content of leaves of reproductive phase from those of vegetative phase.
B.  Differential methylation pattern of genes influencing leaf development and morphology.
C. Mutation in transcription factor that prevents its association with promoter elements of genes regulating leaf development.
D.  Small RNA mediated inhibition of gene expression of a homeotic gene.
Which one of the following options represents a correct combination of statements that could explain the observed changes?

QUESTION ID:99

cAMP signalling plays a very important role in the development of Dictyostelium discoideum. Below are few statements related to it.

A. Every amoeba at the time of aggregation has the potential to make, receive and relay cAMP.

B. acb- mutants develop normally but the spores formed appear glassy and are unable to germinate.

C. The spores formed by the acg- mutants germinate in the sorus itself.

D. RegA is an extracellular phosphodiesterase.

E. cAMP is continuously secreted in nanomolar amounts during aggregation.

Which combination of the above statements is correct?

QUESTION ID:100

Torpedo, is known to serve as a receptor for Gurken. Deficiencies of the torpedo gene in Drosophila cause ventralization of the embryo. In an experiment, the germ cell precursors from a wild type embryo were transplanted into embryos whose mother carried the torpedo mutation. Also, the reverse experiment, i.e., transplantation of germ cell precursors from torpedo mutants into wild type embryos was done. The torpedo deficient germ cells developed in a wild type female showed normal dorso-ventral axis, while the wild type germ cells developed in a torpedo deficient female showed ventralized egg.

Some of the following statements are drawn from the above experiments and some from known facts to understand the functioning of Torpedo.

A. Zygotic contribution of Torpedo is essential for the development of dorso- ventral axis.

B. Maternal contribution of Torpedo is essential for the development of dorso- ventral axis.

C. Since Torpedo is a receptor for Gurken and follicle cells surround the part of the oocyte where Gurken is expressed, it is likely that Torpedo is expressed in follicle cells. ·

D. Gurken signalling initially dorsalizes the follicle cells, which in turn send signal to organize the dorso-ventral polarity in  oocyte.

E. Gurken signalling initially dorsalizes the nurse cells which help in generation of dorso-ventral polarity in oocyte.

Which one of the following combination of statements is most appropriate?

QUESTION ID:101

Stomata from detached epidermis of common dayflower (Commelina communis) were treated with saturating photon fluxes of red light. In a parallel treatment, stomata treated withred light were also illuminated with blue light (indicated by arrow). From the graphs shown below, select the correct pattern of stomata opening (solid lines and dotted lines represent stomatal aperture under red and blue lights, respectively).

QUESTION ID:102

Following are certain statements regarding Rubisco, the predominant protein in plant leaves that catalyzes the initial reaction of the Calvin-Benson cycle.

A. During the oxygenase activity of Rubisco, O2 is used as substrate to produce three carbon molecule, 3- phosphoglyceratc and two-carbon molecule, 2 phosphoglycolate.

B. In red and brown algae, the large subunit of Rubisco is localized in the chloroplast while small subunit is localized in the nucleus.

C. The bound sugar phosphates in Rubisco are specifically removed by an ATP dependent enzyme, Rubisco activase.

D. Catalytic activities of rubisco—require the formation of a lysyl-carbamate by a molecule of CO2 called activator CO2.

Which one of the following combinations of above statements is correct?

QUESTION ID:103

Given below are certain statements regarding plantpathogen Interactions:

A. The pattern recognition receptor (PRR), upon perceiving pathogen or microbe associated patterns (PAPMs/MAMPs), activates plant defenses resulting in pattern triggered immunity (PTI).

B. AvrPto is a resistance gene in tomato that acts against pathogenic attack by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato.

C. The effector molecules produced by pathogen is recognized by resistance (R) gene present in plants resulting into a defense strategy known as effector triggered immunity (ETI).

D. Defense mechanisms triggered in plants during PTI are usually stronger than those during ETI.

Which one of the following combinations of above statements is correct?

QUESTION ID:104

To characterize the mechanism/s by which heat-stress is perceived in Arabidopsis, a team of researchers fused a Heat Shock promoter with luciferase gene. Transgenic plants having promoter: luciferase fusion were raised. Such plants revealed strong luciferase expression upon heat-stress but they showed no expression under unstressed control condition. Subsequently, these transgenic plants were mutagenized by EMS and seeds from F2 generation were obtained. To analyze the downstream positive regulators of heat-stress, the researchers should analyze seedlings that are

QUESTION ID:105

Two near inbred parental lines P1 and P2 of an angiosperm species are crossed to produce F1 seeds in which, the ploidy of the endosperm is 6N. If plants generated from these F1 seeds are backcrossed with P1, what will be the ploidy of the somatic cells in the next generation?

QUESTION ID:106

The table given below represents the types of intercellular transport in "Column I" in land plants and their transport pathways in “Column II” Which one of the following combinations matches column I correctly with column II

QUESTION ID:107

The Cl content of red blood cells (RBCs) in the venous blood was found to be higher than that in arterial blood in a human subject. Following proposals were made to explain these observations:

A. The high pCO2 in venous plasma leads to increased diffusion of CO2 into RBC and the formation of H2CO3.

B. HCO3 - content in the RBC of venous blood becomes much greater than that in plasma.

C. The excess HCO3 - leaves the RBC of venous blood along with Na+ to plasma by a Na+ - HCO3 -symporter,

D. The increased Na+ in the venous plasma is transported to the RBC along with Cl .

Select the combination with INCORRECT statements from the following options.

QUESTION ID:108

The different waves of normal electrocardiogram (ECG) of a human subject are shown below

The relationship of the events of cardiac cycle to these ECG waves are proposed in the following statements:

A. The P wave occurs due to the depolarization of atria

B. The atrial repolarization is responsible for the T wave

C. The QRS complex occurs during ventricular depolarization

D. Q - T interval indicates plateau portion of auricular action potential

Select the combination with INCORRECT statements from the following options:

QUESTION ID:109

The excitation of auditory hair cells by the displacement of stereocilia has been explained in the following proposed statements:

 A. The gradual increased height of stereocilia is required for the transduction process

 B. The changes of membrane potential of auditory hair cells are proportional to the direction and magnitude of the displacement of stereocilia

 C. The higher concentration of K+ in endolymph and higher concentration of Na+ in perilymph are not required for the excitation of hair cells.

 D. The mechanically sensitive cation channels on the top of stereocilia are not adapted to maintain displacement of stereocilia

 Select the combination with INCORRECT statements from the following options:

QUESTION ID:110

The peaks of the compound action potential (i.e., A, B and C) recorded from a mammalian mixed nerve were affected after application of increasing pressure on the nerve. Some probable changes of compound action are stated below:

A. 'A' peak was inhibited by lower intensity of pressure

B. 'C' peak was inhibited by higher intensity of pressure

C. 'B' peak was inhibited by lower intensity of pressure

D. 'C' peak was inhibited by lower intensity of pressure

E. 'A' peak was inhibited by higher intensity of pressure

Select the option with the combination of CORRECT statements.

QUESTION ID:111

The different segments of renal tubule (column A) and the mechanism of Na+ transport in the apical membrane of tubular cells (column B) are tabulated below: Select the option with the correct matches:

QUESTION ID:112

The figure below represents normal sex determination, differentiation and development in humans Identify A, B, C and D.

QUESTION ID:113

 A virgin Drosophila female was crossed with a wild type male. The F1 progeny obtained had four types of males as shown below

Assuming that white eye and crossveinless mutations are Xlinked and recessive, the following statements were made:

A. F1 females were also of four types as that of males.

B. The white eyed crossveinless male flies appeared due to independent assortment.

C. The map distance between the genes for white eye and crossveinless is estimated to be 12 cM.

D. The map distance between white eye and crossveinless is estimated to be 6 cM.

E. All F1 females are expected to be wild type.

F. The F1 wild type males appeared due to crossing over.

The combination with correct statements is:


QUESTION ID:114

The locations of five overlapping deletions have been mapped to a Drosophila chromosome as shown below (Horizontal lines in the above figure indicate the deleted regions) Recessive mutations a, b, c, d and e are known to be located within this region, but the order of mutations on the chromosome is not known. When the flies homozygous for the recessive mutations are crossed with flies homozygous for the deletions, the following results are obtained (letter "m" represents mutant phenotype and "+'' represents the wild type)

On the basis of the above data, the relative order of the five mutant genes on the chromosome is

QUESTION ID:115

The pedigree given below follows the inheritance pattern of a late-onset (after age of 30 years) genetic disease that is 100% penetrant. Affected individuals are indicated by a solid circle (woman) or solid ·square (males). RFLP analysis of DNA from each individual is shown below in the pedigree.

Which grandchildren (IIIb to IIId) will be affected by the disease after attaining the age of 30 years?

QUESTION ID:116

A chemist synthesizes three new chemical compounds in the laboratory and names them as X, Y and Z. After analysing mutagenic potential of all these compounds, the geneticist observed that all are highly mutagenic. The geneticist also tested the potential of mutations induced by these compounds to be reversed by other known mutagens and obtained the following results

Assuming that X, Y and Z caused any of the three types of mutations, transition, transversion or single base deletion, what conclusions can you make about the nature of mutations produced by these compounds?

QUESTION ID:117

An individual is having an inversion in heterozygous condition. The regions on normal chromosome are marked as A, B, C, D, E, F, G while the chromosome having inversion has the regions as a, b, e, d, c, f, g. The diagram given below shows pairing of these two homologous chromosomes during meiosis and the site of a crossing over is indicated:

The following statements are given to describe the inversion and the consequence of crossing over shown in the above diagram:

A. This is a pericentric inversion

B. This will generate a dicentric and an acentric chromosome following separation of chromosomes after crossing over

C. This will generate two monocentric recombinant chromosomes following separation of chromosomes after crossing over

D. All the gametes thus formed will have deletion and/or duplication and will be non-viable

E. 50% of the gametes having recombinant chromatid will be non-viable, while 50% gametes having non-recombinant chromatid will survive

F. This is a paracentric inversion

Which combination of the above statements describe the inversion and meiotic consequences correctly

QUESTION ID:118

Two Hfr strains, Hfr-1 (arg+ leu+ gal+ strs) and Hfr-2 (arg+ his+ gal+ pur+ strs) were mated with a F- strain (argleu- gal- hispur- strs). The results of the interrupted mating experiment are shown as plots 'a' and 'b', respectively. 

Based on these results, identify which of the options accurately reflects the order of loci? 

QUESTION ID:119

Three anatomical characteristics (A, B and C) of invertebrate nervous system are used to build a generalized cladogram given below. Presence of the anatomical character is indicated by '+'

Based on the pattern of character distribution, pick the correct combination that are represented by A, B and C

QUESTION ID:120

In order to survive in a non-aquatic environment, plants acquired several adaptations with specialized functions. Given below is a list of features/characteristics (Column A) and their potential role (Column B).

Which one of the following options represents a correct match between the adaptations and their functions?

QUESTION ID:121

Following table presents bryophyte phyla with their selected characteristics: In the above table, phyla A, B and C represent

QUESTION ID:122

Following table shows a list of clades and plants: Which one of the following is a correct match for the above?

QUESTION ID:123

The following table shows names of bones (Column A) and specific features (Column B). Which one of the following options gives the correct match of the bones with their specific features?

QUESTION ID:124

The figure below shows the nervous system of Mollusca with ganglia and the connecting nerves. The connecting nerves are labelled as A, B, C and D. Which one of the following options has correct labelling of A, B, C and D?

QUESTION ID:125

Following are certain statements regarding energy efficiencies of ectotherms and endotherms:

A. Ectotherms have high assimilation efficiency but low production efficiency.

B. Ectotherms have low assimilation efficiency but high production efficiency.

C. Endotherms have high assimilation efficiency but low production efficiency.

D. Endotherms have low assimilation efficiency but high production efficiency.

Which one of the following represents the combination of correct statements?

QUESTION ID:126

Given below are some properties related to botanical and zoological nomenclature.

A. Absence of tautonyms

B. Presence of genus and species ranks only

C. Absence of principle of coordination

D. Presence of only holotype and neotype

Select the correct combination that distinguishes botanical nomenclature from zoological nomenclature system.

QUESTION ID:127

Following table gives a list of international environmental agreements and areas covered. Which of the following is correct combination?


QUESTION ID:128

The following figure is a "risk-graph" that illustrates the percent risk a species faces towards extinction The following are ranks assigned according to IUCN's red-list category: 


(i) Critically endangered

(ii) Near threatened

(iii) Vulnerable

(iv) Least concern

Which one of the following is the most appropriate match between the percent-risk and their assigned rank?

QUESTION ID:129

The complexity of a food web in a community is quantified using certain parameters which are defined below. Which of the following is an INCORRECT representation?

QUESTION ID:130

The above graph illustrates two lines that represent the immigration and extinction rates for an island based on its distance from mainland (solid line) and its size (dotted line). Which of the following is true for this island?

QUESTION ID:131

Inclusive fitness of an animal can be measured as a sum of direct fitness and indirect fitness. Imagine you have 10 off springs. Through diligent parental care, 5 survive to reproduce. You give your life in a heroic deed to save a total of 5 of your nieces and nephews. What is your inclusive fitness?

QUESTION ID:132

Altruism describes a behaviour performed by animals that may be disadvantageous to self while benefitting others. Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT about altruism?

QUESTION ID:133

Given are some statements with reference to the use of genes in plant molecular systematics.


A. mtDNA are not preferred over cpDNA or rDNA because they generally show slow rate of sequence evolution and fast rate of structural evolution.


B. cpDNA are not preferred because of their haploidy, uniparental inheritance, and absence of recombination among cpDNA molecules.


C. rDNA such as ITS are preferred for their higher evolutionary rates as well as shorter sequence length.


D. rDNA and cpDNA cannot be used simultaneously in molecular systematics since they represent conflicting patterns of inheritance.


Which of the above statements are INCORRECT?

QUESTION ID:134

Following are key points about the effect of genetic drift:

A. Genetic drift is significant in small populations.

B. Genetic drift can cause allele frequencies to change in a predirected way.

C. Genetic drift can lead to a loss of genetic variation within populations.

D. Genetic drift can cause harmful alleles to become fixed.

Which one of the following combination of the above statements are true?

QUESTION ID:135

Following table contains some of the generalizations of evolutionary biology: Which of the following is correct match between Column I and II?

QUESTION ID:136

A 1257 bp genomic DNA sequence of a prokaryotic gene was cloned under a strong constitutive promoter along with a suitable polyA signal and used for development of transgenic tobacco plants. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of three types/lengths of transgene derived mRNAs: 555 bp, 981 bp and 1257 bp - in the leaves of transgenic plants. The following statements were proposed to explain the above results.


A. The three mRNAs represent alternatively spliced transcripts due to the presence of putative intronic sequence in the gene.


B. The gene sequence was characterized by the presence of potential polyadenylation signals that resulted in premature termination of transcription.


C. Expression of full-length transcripts (1257 bases) was lethal to the transformed cells.


D. The transgenic plants were chimeric in nature and comprised of a mix of transformed and untransformed cells.


Which of the following combinations of the above statements would correctly explain the obtained results?


QUESTION ID:137

In order to detect minor variations in antigen concentration, the following procedures were suggested. Which one will likely be the best option?

QUESTION ID:138

Three students (P, Q, R) in a research lab were trying to identify proteins that interact with a transcription factor X. P performed gel filtration experiments and identified that X was found along with proteins A, B, C and D. Q performed coimmunoprecipitation experiments using antibodies to X and identified A, B and C. R did a yeast-2-hybrid screen and identified only B.

The following are likely conclusions that may explain all the results:

(i) A, B, C and D are in a complex with X.

(ii) X directly interacts with B.

(iii) Only A, Band C are in complex with X.

(iv) D is probably weakly associated with X.

Which of the above conclusions best explains all the results?

QUESTION ID:139

Sub-cellular fractionation-based assays have been used to identify various organelles in the mammalian cells. In order to characterize such organelles in a living mammalian cell, which of the following microscopy-based method would be the most accurate?

QUESTION ID:140

From the following statements,

A. Surface plasmon resonance can be used to determine binding constants only in the range of 102 - 103 M.

B. de novo sequencing is not possible by mass spectral methods.

C. The position of hydrogen atoms in proteins is not directly determined by X-ray, diffraction.

D. Circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy do not give the same information on protein structure.

Choose the option with all correct statements.

QUESTION ID:141

A researcher attempted to clone two genes (X and Y) independently in a plasmid vector for over expression and purification in E. coli. All attempts to clone gene X were unsuccessful whereas gene 'Y' could be cloned easily. When the, researcher attempted to clone gene 'X' in the plasmid clone containing gene 'Y', gene 'X' could be cloned. The following statements were proposed to explain the above results.

A. Protein encoded by gene 'Y' is not lethal to the cell.

B. Gene 'X' has introns, which prevents its expression in E. coli

C. Expression of 'X' protein is lethal to the cell.

D. The 'Y' gene product inhibits the activity of 'X' protein

Which one of the following options represents a combination of correct statements to explain the observations?

QUESTION ID:142

In order to visualize the intracellular organization of a cell, one can utilize various microscopy-based techniques. These include:

A. Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy

B. Phase contrast microscopy

C. Dark field microscopy

D. Epifluorescence microscopy

E. Scanning electron microscopy

F. Transmission electron microscopy

G. Confocal microscopy

Which of the above mentioned microscopes can be used to study the intracellular dynamics using live cell imaging?

QUESTION ID:143

A certain protein has been assumed to play an indispensable role in the survival of an intracellular parasite inside the host cells. Which one of the following techniques will best prove the assumption to be correct?

QUESTION ID:144

Given below is a table with information on isotopes, their half-life and type of particle(s) they emit. Choose the correct combination from the options given below.

QUESTION ID:145

Which one of the following set of essential components are required for Sanger method of DNA sequencing in a required buffer containing MgCl2 and Tris-HCl?