Previous Year Questions

QUESTION ID:2

The following is the list of steps involved in cloning of a gene. Which option represents the correct sequence of the process?

(A) Transformation with blue and white selection.

(B) RFLP analysis.

(C) Isolation of plasmid DNA.

(D) Ligation of gene, into TA-cloning vector.

(E) Amplification of gene by PCR, using Taq DNA polymerase.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:3

Match List-I with List-II:

QUESTION ID:4

Match List-I with List-II:

QUESTION ID:5

Which of the following statements are INCORRECT?

(A) Many animals with protostome development undergo spiral cleavage.

(B) Flat worms exhibit radial symmetry.

(C) Ray-finned fishes are also called sarcopterygians.

(D) Lophophore is a crown of ciliated tentacles that function in feeding.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:6

Bacteria produce an enzyme methylase which plays role in:

QUESTION ID:7

Dung beetles live in regions where cattle graze, quickly burying and recycling cattle droppings. Because of the dung beetles' activities, breeding habitats for disease-carrying flies are reduced, and the plants upon which cattle feed are nourished. The relationship between the dung beetles and disease-carrying flies is a type of:

QUESTION ID:8

Being a medical science student, in your very first anatomical investigation of a female body, arrange the order of appearance of following organs of immunological importance, in anterior to posterior direction in the body.

(A) Thymus

(B) Adenoids

(C) Peyer's patches

(D) Spleen

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:9

Which of the following molecules is NOT found in the Eosinophilic granule?

QUESTION ID:10

The correlation between the observed and predicted values of the outcome variable is known as:

QUESTION ID:11

The square root of the variance is known as:

QUESTION ID:12

A protein coding gene in the mouse was mutated such that the resultant protein was non-functional. The phenotypic effect of the mutation was observed in homozygous mutant mice, in heterozygous mice that inherited the mutation from the mother, and in heterozygous mice that inherited the mutation from the father.

This suggests that:

QUESTION ID:13

In a sucrose density gradient, what is the order of organelle sedimentation from lower to higher concentration of sucrose?

QUESTION ID:14

Select the correct statement about the membrane transport:

(A) Channel proteins form open pores through which small-sized molecules/ions can cross the membrane.

(B) Carrier proteins selectively bind specific molecules, and transport them across the membrane by undergoing a conformational change.

(C) Transport of molecules across membranes, through channel proteins and carrier proteins, always involves active transport.

(D) Small uncharged molecules can diffuse freely through the phospholipid layers.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:15

Capacitation is a process in which the:

QUESTION ID:16

Viruses are

QUESTION ID:17

Who described microorganisms as 'wee animalcules' in his letter to Royal Society of London?

QUESTION ID:18

Which of the following statements is incorrect about the bacteria?

QUESTION ID:19

Match the following protozoa with their taxonomic groups:

QUESTION ID:20

Mushrooms and puffballs belongs to ________ class of fungi.

QUESTION ID:21

The plaque assay is used for quantification of 

QUESTION ID:22

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:23

Which of the following is not a mutagen? 

QUESTION ID:24

Which of the following kinds of organism/s in ecosystem is/are considered as decomposers? 

QUESTION ID:25

Which of the following is not used as seed inoculant for cereal crops? 

QUESTION ID:26

Recombinant DNA Technology for gene transfer has following sequence of steps

(A). Fragmentation of DNA by restriction endonucleases

(B). Isolation of desired DNA fragment and its ligation into a vector

(C). Isolation of DNA

(D). Transfer of recombinant DNA into a host and culture of host cells in a medium at large scale

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:27

Which of the following is not an abiotic component of the ecosystem?

QUESTION ID:28

Number of Barr body/bodies found in XXY individual:

QUESTION ID:29

Arrange the following steps in formation of Pre-initiation complex in correct order

(A). TBP binds to TATA box and TFIIA binds DNA upstream of TATA box

(B). TFIIE then TFIIH bind forming the pre-initiation complex.

(C). TFIIB interacts with TBP

(D). RNAP II and TFIIF join the other proteins at the promoter.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:30

Which of the following interactions plays an important role in protein folding?

QUESTION ID:31

Enzymes accelerate the rate of cellular reactions by:

QUESTION ID:32

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:33

Test cross is a cross of F₁ progeny with

QUESTION ID:34

A colourblind person cannot differentiate between

QUESTION ID:35

Match List-I with List-II 

QUESTION ID:36

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:37

Which of the following statement/s is true for cell membrane?

(A). It is composed mainly of lipids.

(B). Its fluid nature is important for cell growth, endocytosis, cell division etc.

(C). Fluid mosaic model of its structure was given by Griffith

(D). Its one of the important function is transport of molecules across it.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:38

Psychrophilic algae responsible for imparting the red coloration to snowfields is:

QUESTION ID:39

Crossing over occurs during ________ stage of prophase 1 of meiosis.

QUESTION ID:40

The sequence of phases in cell cycle is

(A). M phase

(B). G1 phase

(C). G2 phase

(D). S phase

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:41

The lag phase in a bacterial growth curve does not occur under which of the following conditions? 

QUESTION ID:42

Choose the true statements about psychrophiles.

(A). Their enzymes have greater amounts of beta-sheet secondary structure.

(B). Their cytoplasmic membranes have higher content of unsaturated fatty acids.

(C). Their enzymes have greater polar amino acid content.

(D). Their transport proteins function at low temperatures.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:43

The capsid symmetry of poxviruses is:

QUESTION ID:44

Which of the following statements is correct? 

QUESTION ID:45

Which of the following is a professional APC?

QUESTION ID:46

For the separation of DNA by electrophoresis which of the following methods is used

QUESTION ID:47

Which pathway replaces TCA cycle when E. coli is grown on acetate as the only carbon source?

QUESTION ID:48

Dissimilatory nitrate reduction takes place under

QUESTION ID:49

The Wobble hypothesis refers to the less stringent base pairing specifity of the

QUESTION ID:50

GUG codes for valine in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but when GUG is initiation codon, it codes for

QUESTION ID:51

Arrange the following steps involved in bacterial transformation in correct order:

(A). Pairing followed by integration of transforming DNA

(B). Generation of a transformed cell.

(C). Binding and entry of extracellular DNA into the competent cell.

(D). Degradation of one strand of transforming DNA.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:52

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:53

The correct sequence of enzyme action is

(A). Binding of substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape

(B). Binding of substrate to active site of an enzyme

(C). Breaking of chemical bonds of substrate and formation of new enzyme-product complex

(D). Products of reaction are released by enzyme.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:54

Select the correct statements with reference to cofactors of enzymes

(A). They are non-protein constituents of enzymes that bound to enzyme to make it catalytically active.

(B). Prosthetic groups are tightly bound to apoenzymes.

(C). The protein part of an enzyme is called apoenzyme.

(D). Coenzyme NADP contains vitamin niacin.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:55

Which of the following is not a function of the human microbiome?

QUESTION ID:56

A single nucleotide pair is inserted near the 5'-end of a protein coding DNA sequence. The most likely effect will be production of

QUESTION ID:57

When a mutational event leads to the replacement of one codon for another coding for the same amino acid, the resulting mutation is called

QUESTION ID:58

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:59

Which of the following statement/s is/are not true regarding significance of meiosis

(A). It is a mechanism by which conservation of specific chromosome number of each species is achieved across generations in sexually reproducing organisms.

(B). Increase genetic variability

(C). Decrease genetic variability

(D). Variations are not important for the process of evolution

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:60

The primary target of HIV is

QUESTION ID:61

The sequence of steps for live recombinant vaccine production is

(A). Putting the cells in the presence of an inhibitor

(B). Transfection of newly created plasmid into previously infected host cells

(C). Formation of recombinant plasmid

(D). Expression of recombinant genes

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:62

Which of the following is an inhibitor of complex IV of ETC?

QUESTION ID:63

Key enzyme of the ED pathway is:

QUESTION ID:64

Which of the following types of cheese utilize Lactococcus lactis in its early stages of production?

(A). Mozzarella

(B). Cheddar

(C). Roquefort

(D). Parmesan

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:65

Which of the following is not a primary pollutant contributing to global air pollution?

QUESTION ID:66

The oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from

QUESTION ID:67

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:68

The sequence of transfer of electrons in Z scheme of light reaction is

(A). Downhill to NADP⁺ reducing it to NADPH + H⁺

(B). Excitation of electrons and transfer to another acceptor

(C). Through Photosystem II to uphill to the acceptor

(D). Down the ETS to Photosystem I

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:69

Which of the following statements is not applicable to anoxygenic photosynthesis?

QUESTION ID:70

Which of the following is not a disaccharide?

QUESTION ID:71

Select the correct statement/s regarding Abscisic acid as a growth hormone

(A). It acts as general plant growth inhibitor.

(B). It is also called as stress hormone.

(C). It inhibits seed germination.

(D). It plays an important role in seed development, maturation and dormancy.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:72

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:73

Tetracyclin is:

QUESTION ID:74

Match List-I with List-II

QUESTION ID:75

Pyramid of energy in an ecosystem is always

QUESTION ID:76

Which of the following statements about linkage is incorrect?

(A). Genes linked on the same chromosome segregate together.

(B). Frequency of crossing over is proportional to the distance between two linked genes.

(C). Chromosome maps also provide information about linked genes.

(D). Linked genes assort independently.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:77

Which of the following is a left handed helix?

QUESTION ID:78

The species that invade the bare area are called

QUESTION ID:79

The sequence of steps for sewage treatment is

(A). Chlorination

(B). Screening and transfer to grit chamber

(C). Sedimentation and Aeration

(D). Anaerobic sludge digestion

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:80

RNA Splicing is a process:

QUESTION ID:81

Which of the following enzymes is a high fidelity thermostable polymerase?

QUESTION ID:82

The Shine Dalgarno sequence plays an important role in

QUESTION ID:83

In a food chain man is

QUESTION ID:84

What would happen if phytoplankton of an ocean is destroyed for some reason?

(A). The ocean as carbon sink is adversely affected

(B). The ocean ecosystem is not affected

(C). The density of ocean is drastically decreased

(D). The food chains in the ocean are adversely affected

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:85

The genotypic and phenotypic ratio of F2 generation is the same in which of the following situations?

QUESTION ID:86

Which of the following statements are correct about nitrogen fixation?

(A). Nitrogenase is the key enzyme for nitrogen fixation.

(B). The process involves conversion of nitrogen to nitrate.

(C). The process takes place in the presence of oxygen.

(D). Some plants can also fix nitrogen.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:87

Sodium dodecyl sulphate used in SDS-PAGE is

QUESTION ID:88

Which of the following are not fermentative food products?

(A) Dosa

(B) Kefir

(C) Kimchi

(D) Pasta

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:89

The resistance of bacterial endospores to adverse environmental conditions is due to

QUESTION ID:90

Select the correct statements regarding thin layer chromatography

(A). It has two phases: one mobile phase and other stationary phase

(B). The relative movement of each component of a mixture is expressed as Rf value

(C). Spots of compounds which absorb iodine will show up as green spots

(D). The spots of colourless compounds are detected by putting the plate in UV light

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:91

Protection against pathogens relies on several levels of defense mechanisms. Arrange the following defense mechanisms in the order of their occurrence:

(A) Adaptive immunity

(B) Complement/Antimicrobial proteins

(C) Anatomic barriers

(D) Innate immune cells

QUESTION ID:92

Which of the following is the secondary messenger in GPCR signaling:

QUESTION ID:93

Glycosidic linkages present in Glycogen are:

QUESTION ID:94

Steps in a gene cloning experiment are:

(A) The gene to be cloned, is inserted into a vector that transports the gene into a host cell.

(B) After a large number of cell divisions, a colony of identical host cells is produced.

(C) In the host cell the vector multiplies producing identical copies of itself as well as of the gene that it carries.

(D) When the host cell divides, copies of the recombinant DNA molecule are passed to the progeny.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:95

In the fuzzy matching of regular expressions with a query sequence:

(A) Degree of closeness between two strings is determined.

(B) Distance metric is known as edit distance.

(C) Edit distance determines how close two strings are, by finding the minimum number of edits required to transform one string to another.

(D) Four main types of edits are Insert, Delete, Switch and Replace.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:96

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:97

Citrate a product of Kreb cycle/TCA cycle inhibit the process of Glycolysis, which enzyme is inhibited by Citrate

QUESTION ID:98

Glycosylation is type of post-translational modification in which the carbohydrate group is added to the protein amino acids, which amino acid is linked to N- linked Glycosylation:

QUESTION ID:99

The Michaelis constant (Km) in enzyme kinetics represents:

QUESTION ID:100

Which of the following class A tumor arising from endodermal tissue is linked to

QUESTION ID:101

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:102

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:103

In the process of photosynthesis, electrons are produced from the photolysis of water molecules. Which among the following is the 1st electron carrier from Photosystem 2

QUESTION ID:104

Arrange the following in the increasing order of reducing power:

(A) Li+

(B) Zn2+

(C) Na+

(D) H+

QUESTION ID:105

In Gel Electrophoresis the gel matrices should have following properties:

(A). Adjustable pore size

(B). Should exhibit electroosmosis

(C). Chemically inert

(D) Pore size does not depend on the concentration of gels

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:106

Which cells are primarily responsible for producing antibodies in response to an infection

QUESTION ID:107

When influenza virus enters a cell, it immediately starts to do which of the following

QUESTION ID:108

Which of the following statements are correct for Shuttle Vectors:

(A). These vectors are created by the recombinant techniques.

(B). These vectors can be grown in one host and can be moved into another without any extra manipulations.

(C). They contain two origins of replications.

(D). They are designed to replicate in cells of two different species.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:109

A special type of template independent DNA polymerase which doesn't require a template strand for DNA synthesis:

QUESTION ID:110

In prokaryotes a polymerase enzyme DNA Pol I function in removing the RNA primer from the newly synthesized DNA strand, what is eukaryotic homolog of this enzyme

QUESTION ID:111

Which of the following is the most direct cause of polyteny in somatic cells of certain organisms

QUESTION ID:112

The presence and distribution of specific mRNAs within a cell can be detected by

QUESTION ID:113

The correct sequence of steps in PCR is:

(A). Denaturation

(B). Annealing

(C). Primer Extension

(D). A mixture of DNA fragment to be amplified, two primers, four deoxyribose triphosphate and DNA polymerase is created.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:114

Which among the following technique do not use PCR for polymorphism detection

QUESTION ID:115

The bacteria causing crown gall disease in plants

QUESTION ID:116

The transfer of tissue between genetically identical individuals is called

QUESTION ID:117

Technique could be used to demonstrate protein binding specific DNA sequence

QUESTION ID:118

Which of the following describes the process of introducing a plasmid into a host cell

QUESTION ID:119

Which of the following best describes homologous recombination:

QUESTION ID:120

DNA repair pathway which involves the enzyme glycosidases

QUESTION ID:121

In which Organelle the alpha-oxidation of fatty acids takes place

QUESTION ID:122

Types of mutation present in the gene which doesn't lead to any change in protein sequence:

QUESTION ID:123

Consider the set ℝ of all real numbers. The empty set ∅ in ℝ is

(A). closed

(B). open

(C). not open

(D). not closed

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:124

If Then l is equal to 

QUESTION ID:125

The order of the finite group U(13) is

QUESTION ID:126

The center of a group G is a subgroup of G, where G can be

QUESTION ID:127

If {u,v,w} is a linearly independent subset of a vector space V then which of the following sets are linearly independent subset of V.

(A). {u, u+v, u+v+w}

(B). {u+v, v+w, u-w}

(C). {u+w, v+w, u+v+w}

(D). {0}

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:128

If E and F are two events associated with the same sample space of a random experiment such that $P(E) \neq 0$ and $P(F) \neq 0$, then which of the following defines the conditional probability of the event $E$ given that the event F has already occured?

QUESTION ID:129

Let X be a random variable. If the mean of X is 3.4, then what is the mean of the random variable Y=2X+9?

QUESTION ID:130

What is the angle between the pair of lines 

QUESTION ID:131

QUESTION ID:132

Match the following List-I of differential equations with their respective order and degree in List-II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:133

Which of the following statement regarding salt bridge is correct:

(A). A salt bridge is a tube containing an electrolyte.

(B). A salt bridge is connected to the two half-cells.

(C). The salt bridge allows the flow of ions but prevents the mixing of different solutions.

(D). The salt bridge allows the flow of ions and the mixing of different solutions.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:134

Arrange the following electromagnetic radiation in the increasing order of wavelength

(A) Radio waves

(B) Microwaves

(C) IR

(D) UV

QUESTION ID:135

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:136

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:137

Following are the statements about Limitations of GEIGER MULLER COUNTER:

(A). Müller tube is always of the same magnitude (regardless of the energy of the incident radiation), the tube cannot differentiate between radiation types.

(B). Muller tube cannot measure high radiation rates, because each ionization event is followed by a Dead Time.

(C). Neutrons cannot be counted due to their neutral electric nature by this counter.

(D). A Geiger counter with an end window tube cannot distinguish between alpha and beta particles.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:138

Which of the following statements are correct about Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy:

(A). NMR spectroscopy is a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy

(B). NMR uses radiations in the radio frequency (RF) portion of the spectrum.

(C). NMR works on the basic principle that a spinning charge (such as the nucleus of an atom) generates a magnetic field.

(D). NMR works on principle of diffraction of nuclear radiations from magnetic field produced by spinning electrons.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:139

Following are the full width of X-ray diffraction peak at half maxima (FWHM), obtained for four different crystalline materials:

(A). For material-A, FWHM = 0.4 units

(B). For material-B, FWHM = 1.8 units

(C). For material-A, FWHM = 0.2 units

(D). For material-A, FWHM = 1.0 units Arrange them in ascending order of crystallite size.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:140

Which of the following statements is true?

(A). Secondary structure is two dimensional, whereas tertiary structure is three dimensional.

(B). Primary structure is one dimensional, specifying only the sequence in which atoms or groups of atoms are connected to one another.

(C). Quaternary structure takes into account time as well as three dimensions in space.

(D). Biological molecules can also be polymers.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:141

The sequence of reactions catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are:

(A). Decarboxylation of pyruvate

(B). Formation of Acetyl-CoA

(C). Formation of acetyl lipoamide

(D). Oxidation of dihydrolipoamide

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:142

During UV Spectroscopy Tryptophan shows maximum/peak absorbance at

QUESTION ID:143

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:144

What is the purpose of substitution matrices like BLOSUM and PAM in sequence alignment

QUESTION ID:145

What are the two primary methods used in phylogenetic analysis for tree construction, based on character states and distances

QUESTION ID:146

The use of clustering techniques in a gene expression analysis involving multiple samples is typically used for finding genes that are

QUESTION ID:147

Which of the following is NOT a common feature of most Word Processors?

QUESTION ID:148

What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter in programming languages?

QUESTION ID:149

What is the purpose of a Router in a network?

QUESTION ID:150

What is the difference between a variable and a constant in C++?

QUESTION ID:151

What is the base case in a Recursive Function?

QUESTION ID:152

What is the difference between a pointer variable and the data it points to?

QUESTION ID:153

What is the difference between Regular Expressions and String Searching algorithms in bioinformatics?

QUESTION ID:154

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:155

Which of the following is not used as Backpropagation in ANN training?

(A) To calculate the gradient of the loss function with respect to the network weights, allowing for weight updates to improve performance.

(B) To initialize the weights of the network randomly before training.

(C) To determine the optimal number of hidden layers and neurons in the network.

(D) To evaluate the accuracy of the network on the training data.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:156

What are the three main stages of RNA polymerase II transcription in eukaryotes?

QUESTION ID:157

One PAM distance between two protein homologs is

QUESTION ID:158

BLAST X program is used for searching -

QUESTION ID:159

The uptake of Iron into organisms involves special ligands known as:

QUESTION ID:160

Arrange the following bondings / interactions is ascending order on basis of their strength in biological systems: (Weaker bond to Stronger)

(A). Covalent Bonds

(B). Ion-induced dipole interactions

(C). Hydrogen Bonds

(D). Dipole-Dipole interactions

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:161

Progress in DNA Sequencing methods have been in the following order

(A). Dideoxy sequencing

(B). Shotgun sequencing

(C). Second-generation sequencing

(D). Single Cell sequencing

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:162

What is the purpose of the Entrez database in bioinformatics?

QUESTION ID:163

Match List I with List II

QUESTION ID:164

A bifurcating branch point in the phylogenetics tree is known as

QUESTION ID:165

Match List I with List II