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Previous Year Questions

TLS Online TPP Program

QUESTION ID:1

This book, including all its chapters, .........  interesting. The students as well as the instructor in agreement about it.

QUESTION ID:2

People were prohibited  their vehicles near the entrance of the main administrative building. 

QUESTION ID:3

Select the word that fits the analogy: 
Do : Undo :: Trust :

QUESTION ID:4

Stock markets at the news of the coup. 

QUESTION ID:5

If P, Q, R, S are four individuals, how many teams of size exceeding one can be formed, with Q as a member? 

QUESTION ID:6

Non-performing Assets (NPAs) of a bank in India is defined as an asset, which remains unpaid by a borrower for a certain period of time in terms of interest, principal, or both. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has changed the definition of NPA thrice during 1993-2004, in terms of the holding period of loans. The holding period was reduced by one quarter each time. In 1993, the holding period was four quarters (360 days). 
Based on the above paragraph, the holding period of loans in 2004 after the third revision was days. 

QUESTION ID:7

Select the next element of the series: Z, WV, RQP,

QUESTION ID:8

In four-digit integer numbers from 1001 to 9999. the digit group "37" (in the same sequence) appears times. 

QUESTION ID:9

AC + CB Given a semicircle with 0 as the centre. as shown in the figure. the ratio   is where AC, CB and AB are chords. 


QUESTION ID:10

The revenue and expenditure of four different companies P, Q, R and S in 2015 are shown in the figure. If the revenue of company Q in 2015 was 20% more than that in 2014, and company Q had earned a profit of 10% on expenditure in 2014, then its expenditure (in million rupees) in 2014 was . 


QUESTION ID:11

Who among the following was a strong public supporter of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection? 

QUESTION ID:12

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) can be used to compare multiple groups of samples. Select the correct option that reflects the principle behind ANOVA. 

QUESTION ID:13

Which of the following information is provided by a phylogenetic tree?

QUESTION ID:14

Myrmecochory refers to seed dispersal by which of the following agents? 

QUESTION ID:15

Which of the following is NOT capable of photosynthesis?

QUESTION ID:16

Which of the following sensory mechanisms do most frugivorous bats primarily use while foraging? 

QUESTION ID:17

What direct effect does Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) have in vertebrates? 

QUESTION ID:18

Juvenile rhesus macaques, who have never seen a leopard before, can learn to show fear response if they see an adult react fearfully to a leopard. What kind of behavioural response is this? 

QUESTION ID:19

In a tropical rainforest during the day, which of the following factors does NOT affect the spectral irradiance at the forest floor? 

QUESTION ID:20

What would an evolutionary biologist hypothesize as the ultimate cause for the presence of colorful dewlaps in lizards?

QUESTION ID:21

Which of the following is true about comparisons between herbivorous and carnivorous mammals?

QUESTION ID:22

Two isolated populations X and Y have 100 and 10000 individuals, respectively. Both populations have the same starting allele frequencies of p=0.5 and q=0.5. After 1000 generations of genetic drift, which of the following statements is true about the heterozygosity at this locus in these two populations? 

QUESTION ID:23

Which of the following criteria is used to define species under the biological species concept? 

QUESTION ID:24

The abundances of three species (P, Q, and R) were measured along a resource gradient. The resultant pattern is summarized in the figure. Which of the following statements can be inferred from niche theory? 


QUESTION ID:25

In the last 3 to 4 decades, the average CO2 concentration in the Earth's atmosphere has increased from  (A)  (B)  (C) 

QUESTION ID:26

What effect does myelination have on neurons? 

QUESTION ID:27

Which of the following processes contributes to an increase in genetic variation?

QUESTION ID:28

What characteristic do the plant species, sundew (Drosera capensis) and Venus fly trap (Dionaea muscipula), share? (A)  (B) 

QUESTION ID:29

What is the study of fish known as? 

QUESTION ID:30

On one side of a house, a 50 watt bulb attracts moths at a rate of 30 individuals/minute. On the other side of the house, a 15 watt bulb attracts moths at a rate of 10 individuals/minute. There are 20 bats in the area who are foraging for these moths. According to Ideal Free Distribution, the number of bats near the 15 watt bulb should 

QUESTION ID:31

The Simpson's index of diversity is expressed as: 

Where pi is the proportion of the 1th species, and n is the total number of species. 

The Simpson's index of diversity for this dataset is (round off to three decimal places). 

QUESTION ID:32

In a botanical garden, tree species P had an average height of 1.5 m, while tree species Q had an average height of 1.8 in. Pooled together, these two tree species had an average height of 1.7 m. From this, one can infer that the number of trees of species Q in the garden was times the number of trees of species P. 

QUESTION ID:33

A fragment of double stranded DNA has 30% Adenine. The % GC content in this fragment is 

QUESTION ID:34

A researcher traps rodents in a small, isolated forest patch. In the first trapping session she captures 24 mice and marks them by notching their ears. In the second trapping session she captures 16 mice, of which 8 are already marked. Assuming that the population is closed (no immigration, emigration, birth, or death), the estimated number of mice in the patch is  

QUESTION ID:35

A raptor sitting on a tree sees a rodent on the ground below as shown in the figure (not to scale). If the raptor views the rodent from a height of 10 metres, and the rodent subtends a visual angle of 45° on the raptor's eye, the straight line distance from the raptor to the rodent in metres is (round off to two decimal places). 


QUESTION ID:36

Beetles of one species have the option of eating plant species X or Y in their environment. Plant species X and Y have the same nutritional quality. When beetle diets comprise a greater proportion of plant X, the population size of beetles increases faster than when beetle diets are dominated by plant Y. Which of the following is NOT a probable explanation for this outcome? 

QUESTION ID:37

researcher was documenting the number of tree species in a landscape. Within each of three forest types (P, Q, and R), she laid 100 quadrats and documented all the species found in each quadrat. She then plotted the cumulative species richness for these forest types as shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is FALSE? 


QUESTION ID:38

Which of the following has an endemic species represented in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands for all taxonomic groups in that column? 

QUESTION ID:39

The theory of island biogeography predicts that the number of species on islands is determined by: (i) the rate of colonisation, which depends on the distance of the island from the mainland, and (ii) the rate of extinction, which depends on the size of the island. A researcher surveyed two islands with similar habitats and geological history, and found that both islands have the same number of species. Which of the following statement(s) can explain this observation? 
P. The islands are of the same size and are at the same distance from the mainland.
Q. The islands are of different sizes and are at the same distance from the mainland.
R. The islands are of the same size and are at different distances from the mainland.
S. The islands are of different sizes and are of different distances from the mainland.

QUESTION ID:40

In marine fauna, Pelagic Larval Duration (PLD) or the amount of time that larvae spend swimming or drifting in the water column affects their dispersal distance Successful establishment of the larvae on a substrate also depends on finding a suitable habitat after dispersal, which is influenced by whether the habitat is patchy or continuous. Which of the following species will have the lowest population genetic structure (FsT) across the same spatial scale? 

QUESTION ID:41

Every lake in Wakanda has three species of fish: P, Q, and R. Species P is a bottom dweller and substrate feeder, species Q is a mid-column dweller and herbivore, and species R is a surface dweller and piscivore. Which of the following processes best explains this distribution pattern? 

QUESTION ID:42

Group living can have both benefits (such as protection from predators) and costs (such as competition for resources). The figure depicts net benefit to individuals as a function of group size. Consider a population with more than hundred individuals, where groups do not split, and individuals can choose to either join a group or remain solitary. Given this information, what is the typical group size predicted? 

QUESTION ID:43

Two species of snails, P and Q, are found in rivers across a range of temperatures that vary from upstream to downstream. An experiment was conducted in which P was removed from a river and the distribution of Q was measured after a few weeks. In another similar river, the reciprocal experiment was conducted in which Q was removed, and the distribution of P was measured after a few weeks. In the graph below, the filled bars plot the distribution of P and Q when both species are present in a river. The open bars plot the distribution of P when Q is removed, and Q when P is removed. Which of the following statements is true? 
Temperature 

QUESTION ID:44

In plants with bisexual flowers (hermaphrodites), mate-choice by females is expected to be important under which of the following cases? 
i) Seed set is pollen-limited rather than resource-limited.
ii) Obligate self-pollination is present.
iii) Seed set is resource-limited rather than pollen-limited.
iv) Obligate cross-pollination is present.

QUESTION ID:45

Match the breeding system of the plants with their pollen: ovule ratio. 

QUESTION ID:46

A particular gene sequence from two different species shows molecular clock-like evolution. Which of the following statements is consistent with this observation?

QUESTION ID:47

An internal parasite of a mammal does not generate its own heat and yet it can maintain a constant body temperature. Which characteristics describe this parasite?

QUESTION ID:48

In a population of infinite size, the frequency of two alleles A1 and A2 at a neutral locus are the same. What are the expected genotype frequencies (Al Al, A1A2, A2A2) after 100 generations of random mating? 

QUESTION ID:49

A certain rodent species shows territoriality, competes for space and food, and their population is at carrying capacity. In the figures, the area within the rectangles (i) to (iv) represents a completely homogenous habitat where resources are distributed throughout, and the grey polygons represent rodent home ranges. Which of the following patterns best represents the expected distribution of home ranges of the rodent species if individuals vary in competitive ability? 


QUESTION ID:50

For a given gene there is 5% DNA sequence divergence between two species, however the protein coded by this gene has identical sequences in the two species. Which of the following types of mutations best explains this pattern in the DNA sequence? 

QUESTION ID:51

A researcher collects data on plant species composition in two habitats (P and Q) by using 10 quadrats each in both habitats. She calculates the average a-diversity and the 0-diversity of each habitat from this data (shown below). Which of the following can be inferred about these habitats? 

QUESTION ID:52

Among four related bird species P, Q, R, and S, species P and Q are nectar feeding with long thin beaks, whereas species R and S are seed eaters with short thick beaks. Which of the following phylogenies unambiguously suggests that seed eating habit was the ancestral state? 

QUESTION ID:53

A population of unicorns is growing over time, but its rate of growth is declining. Which of the following graphs best represents this pattern of growth? 


QUESTION ID:54

In a polyploidization event, tetraploid progeny were formed by diploid parents. Hybridization between the tetraploid and a diploid parent gave rise to sterile triploids. Which of the following best explains why these triploids were sterile?

QUESTION ID:55

Blood tests are often used to screen for potential diseases. For a particular disease: 
(i)  Of 1000 persons who tested negative (T' ), 1 person had the disease (D); Pr(D/T'). 
(ii) Of 10 persons who tested positive (T). 1 person had the disease (D); Pr(D/T). 
From this we can calculate  
What can be inferred from this value? 

QUESTION ID:56

The relative frequency distributions of values of a trait in two samples, P and Q, are shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is consistent with the figure?  

QUESTION ID:57

Consider the function  Which of the following graphs represents the relationship between x and f(x)? 


QUESTION ID:58

In a nocturnal moth species (X), individuals with longer antennae have smaller eyes. This indicates a sensory trade-off. In a closely related but diurnal moth species (Y), individuals exhibit the same obligate sensory trade-off. Which of the following figures describes the relationship between these two traits in moth species Y, if it relies more on vision than olfaction? 


QUESTION ID:59

A researcher compared grass species richness in a 10 m x 10 m plot immediately before (To) and 100 days after (T1oo) a fire. She observed that species richness was higher at T1oo than at To. Which of the following data is required for her to conclude that species richness increased because of the fire?

QUESTION ID:60

Following a gene duplication event, the duplicated copy often loses function and is called a pseudogene. In the absence of positive selection, which of the following is true about these genes?

QUESTION ID:61

Which of the figures represents the expected relationship between parental care and the number of offspring produced across taxa? 


QUESTION ID:62

Match the following plant traits with the correct plant group/family: 

QUESTION ID:63

In a population of 100 individuals of a diploid organism with 1:1 sex ratio, the probability of fixation of a new neutral mutation is (round off to three decimal places).

QUESTION ID:64

The binomial probability of obtaining exactly k successes in n trials, where the probability of success in a single trial is p, is given by: 

HerenkC notation refers to number of combinations for k successes among n trials. With a fair and unbiased coin, the probability of getting 2 HEADS in a trial with 5 tosses is (round off to two decimal places). 

QUESTION ID:65

A petrified wood fossil was discovered with 8 g of 14C. The decay of NC over time is given by:

If the half-life of 14C is 5700 years, and the fossil initially had 32 g of 14C, the age of the fossil in years is