TLS OnlineTLS Online TPP Program
QUESTION ID:1
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: With reference to solid waste, 'Rubbish' includes both combustible and non-combustible solid waste.
Statement II: Trash is part of rubbish but rubbish does not include garbage.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
QUESTION ID:2
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Past data records help in forecasting weather conditions.
Statement II: The satistical methods of correlation help ONLY in forecasting weather conditions.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the
options given below:
QUESTION ID:3
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Species diversity, also referred to as biodiversity, is an essential part of proper ecosystem structure and functioning and ecosystem services. Speciation, the formation of new species, and extinction, the permanent loss of species, are the major components of changes in the earth's biological diversity. Over the entire period of life on earth, a few billion years, some plant and animal species have disappeared and new species have appeared as a result of natural evolutionary processes. The background rate of extinction (or normal extinction rate) is a measure of the rate of species disappearance due to natural processes operating under normal conditions. The rate has been determined to approximately five extinctions per year on average over geological time. Much greater rates of extinction have occurred during specific periods in earth's history. These events, called mass extinctions, took place approximately 440, 360, 250, 200, and 65 million years ago. The causes of these extinction events were natural factors such as volcanic eruptions and asteroid impacts. These natural processes produced major changes in climate and habitats to which many species could not adequately adapt. These events are estimated to have caused the extinction of 50 to 96 % of species present at each time. The current extinction rate is estimated
to be anywhere from 10 to 1000 times the background rate of extinction, with the rate varying across taxonomic groups. This is the result of a myriad of human activities and their impacts over and above natural factors. The current climate change scenario is changing and accelerating the rate of species extinction by reducing the time plants and animals have to adapt to changes in ecosystem conditions. Further complicating this issue is the fact that biodiversity is unevenly distributed across the planet, where more than 113 of the known land plants and vertebrates confined to 2% of the planet surface, the so called, biodiversity hostpots.
Dinosaurs disappeared from the planet Earth during the mass extinction event of
QUESTION ID:4
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Species diversity, also referred to as biodiversity, is an essential part of proper ecosystem structure and functioning and ecosystem services. Speciation, the formation of new species, and extinction, the permanent loss of species, are the major components of changes in the earth's biological diversity. Over the entire period of life on earth, a few billion years, some plant and animal species have disappeared and new species have appeared as a result of natural evolutionary processes. The background rate of extinction (or normal extinction rate) is a measure of the rate of species disappearance due to natural processes operating under normal conditions. The rate has been determined to approximately five extinctions per year on average over geological time. Much greater rates of extinction have occurred during specific periods in earth's history. These events, called mass extinctions, took place approximately 440, 360, 250, 200, and 65 million years ago. The causes of these extinction events were natural factors such as volcanic eruptions and asteroid impacts. These natural processes produced major changes in climate and habitats to which many species could not adequately adapt. These events are estimated to have caused the extinction of 50 to 96 % of species present at each time. The current extinction rate is estimated to be anywhere from 10 to 1000 times the background rate of extinction, with the rate varying across taxonomic groups. This is the result of a myriad of human activities and their impacts over and above natural factors. The current climate change scenario is changing and accelerating the rate of species extinction by reducing the time plants and animals have to adapt to changes in ecosystem conditions. Further complicating this issue is the fact that biodiversity is unevenly distributed across the planet, where more than 113 of the known land plants and vertebrates confined to 2% of the planet surface, the so called, biodiversity hostpots.
Which one is NOT a natural factor for mass extinction?
QUESTION ID:5
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Species diversity, also referred to as biodiversity, is an essential part of proper ecosystem structure and functioning and ecosystem services. Speciation, the formation of new species, and extinction, the permanent loss of species, are the major components of changes in the earth's biological diversity. Over the entire period of life on earth, a few billion years, some plant and animal species have disappeared and new species have appeared as a result of natural evolutionary processes. The background rate of extinction (or normal extinction rate) is a measure of the rate of species disappearance due to natural processes operating under normal conditions. The rate has been determined to approximately five extinctions per year on average over geological time. Much greater rates of extinction have occurred during specific periods in earth's history. These events, called mass extinctions, took place approximately 440, 360, 250, 200, and 65 million years ago. The causes of these extinction events were natural factors such as volcanic eruptions and asteroid impacts. These natural processes produced major changes in climate and habitats to which many species could not adequately adapt. These events are
estimated to have caused the extinction of 50 to 96 o/o of species present at each time. The current extinction rate is estimated to be anywhere from 10 to 1000 times the background rate of extinction, with the rate varying across taxonomic groups. This is the result of a myriad of human activities and their impacts over and above natural factors. The current climate change scenario is changing and accelerating the rate of species extinction by reducing the time plants and animals have to adapt to changes in ecosystem conditions. Further complicating this issue is the fact that biodiversity is unevenly distributed across the planet. where more than 1/3 of the known land plants and vertebrates confined to 2% of the planet surface, the so called, biodiversity hostpots.
Which of the following is not an example of ecosystem service?
QUESTION ID:6
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Species diversity, also referred to as biodiversity, is an essential part of proper ecosystem structure and functioning and ecosystem services. Speciation, the formation of new species, and extinction, the permanent loss of species, are the major components of changes in the earth's biological diversity. Over the entire period of life on earth, a few billion years, some plant and animal species have disappeared and new species have appeared as a result of natural evolutionary processes. The background rate of extinction (or normal extinction rate) is a measure of the rate of species disappearance due to natural processes operating under normal conditions. The rate has been determined to approximately five extinctions per year on average over geological time. Much greater rates of extinction have occurred during specific periods in earth's history. These events,
called mass extinctions, took place approximately 440, 360, 250, 200, and 65 million years ago. The causes of these extinction events were natural factors such as volcanic eruptions and asteroid impacts. These natural processes produced major changes in climate and habitats to which many species could not adequately adapt. These events are estimated to have caused the extinction of 50 to 96 o/o of species present at each time. The current extinction rate is estimated to be anywhere from 10 to 1000 times the background rate of extinction, with the rate varying across taxonomic groups. This is the result of a myriad of human activities and their impacts over and above natural factors. The current climate change scenario is changing and accelerating the rate of species extinction by reducing the time plants and animals have to adapt to changes in ecosystem conditions. Further complicating this issue is the fact that biodiversity is unevenly distributed across the planet.
where more than 1/3 of the known land plants and vertebrates confined to 2% of the planet surface, the so called, biodiversity hostpots.
Major cause of species extinction in modem time could be
QUESTION ID:7
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Species diversity, also referred to as biodiversity, is an essential part of proper ecosystem structure and functioning and ecosystem services. Speciation, the formation of new species, and extinction, the permanent loss of species, are the major components of changes in the earth's biological diversity. Over the entire period of life on earth, a few billion years, some plant and animal species have
disappeared and new species have appeared as a result of natural evolutionary processes. The background rate of extinction (or normal extinction rate) is a measure of the rate of species disappearance due to natural processes operating under normal conditions. The rate has been determined to approximately five extinctions per year on average over geological time. Much greater rates of extinction have occurred during specific periods in earth's history. These events, called mass extinctions, took place approximately 440, 360, 250, 200, and 65 million years ago. The causes of these extinction events were natural factors such as volcanic eruptions and asteroid impacts.
These natural processes produced major changes in climate and habitats to which many species could not adequately adapt. These events are estimated to have caused the extinction of 50 to 96 % of species present at each time. The current extinction rate is estimated to be anywhere from 10 to 1000 times the background rate of extinction, with the rate varying across taxonomic groups. This is the result of a myriad of human activities and their impacts over and above natural factors. The current climate change scenario is changing and accelerating the rate of species extinction by reducing the time plants and animals have to adapt to changes in ecosystem conditions. Further complicating this issue is the fact that biodiversity is unevenly distributed across the planet. where more than 1/3 of the known land plants and vertebrates confined to 2% of the planet surface, the so called, biodiversity hostpots.
The Sundaland Biodiversity hotspot includes:
QUESTION ID:8
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Weathering has affected the long term climate of Earth by changing the Carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere through the inorganic carbon cycle. The planet Venus has a dense atmosphere composed mostly of C02, which traps so much solar heat that surface temperature reaches 480°(. Earth has comparatively very little C02 in the atmosphere, that is enough to keep most of the surface above freezing but not too hot to support life. However, when Earth first formed, its atmosphere was probably very much like that of Venus, with much more C02. The inorganic carbon cycle helps to regulate the climate of Earth because C02 is a greenhouse gas, chemical weathering accelerates with warming, and the formation of limestone occurs mostly in warm, tropical oceans. When Earth's climate is warm, chemical weathering and the formation of limestone increase,
drawing C02 from the atmosphere, which cools the climate. When the global climate cools, chemical weathering and limestone formation slow down, allowing C02 to accumulate in the atmosphere from volcanism, which warms the Earth.
An increase in chemical weathering can also lead to global cooling by removing more C02 from the atmosphere. For example, the Cenozoic uplift and weathering of large regions of high mountains such as the Alps and the Himalaya may have triggered the global cooling that culminated in the glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch.
During formation of Earth and Venus, their atmospheric compositions were similar. What reason is NOT responsible for the habitable temperature on Earth?
QUESTION ID:9
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Weathering has affected the long term climate of Earth by changing the Carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere through the inorganic carbon cycle. The planet Venus has a dense atmosphere composed mostly of C02, which traps so much solar heat that surface temperature reaches 480°(. Earth has comparatively very little C02 in the atmosphere, that is enough to keep most of the surface above freezing but not too hot to support life. However, when Earth first formed, its atmosphere was probably very much like that of Venus, with much more C02. The inorganic carbon cycle helps to regulate the climate of Earth because C02 is a greenhouse gas, chemical weathering accelerates with warming, and the formation of limestone occurs mostly in warm, tropical oceans. When Earth's climate is warm, chemical weathering and the formation of limestone increase, drawing C02 from the atmosphere, which cools the climate. When the global climate cools, chemical weathering andlimestone formation slow down, allowing C02 to accumulate in the atmosphere from volcanism, which warms the Earth. An increase in chemical weathering can also lead to global cooling by removing more C02 from the atmosphere. For example, the Cenozoic uplift and weathering of large regions of high mountains such as the Alps and the Himalaya may have triggered the global cooling that culminated in the glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch.
Since the origin of the Earth, C02 is naturally and continuously being added to the earth's atmosphere through
QUESTION ID:10
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Weathering has affected the long term climate of Earth by changing the Carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere through the inorganic carbon cycle. The planet Venus has a dense atmosphere composed mostly of C02, which traps so much solar heat that surface temperature reaches 480°C. Earth has comparatively very little C02 in the atmosphere, that is enough to keep most of the surface above freezing but not too hot to support life. However, when Earth first formed, its atmosphere was probably very much like that of Venus, with much more C02. The inorganic carbon cycle helps to regulate the climate of Earth because C02 is a greenhouse gas, chemical weathering accelerates with warming, and the formation of limestone occurs mostly in warm, tropical oceans. When Earth's climate is warm, chemical weathering and the formation of limestone increase, drawing C02 from the atmosphere, which cools the climate. When the global climate cools, chemical weathering and limestone formation slow down, allowing C02 to accumulate in the atmosphere from volcanism, which warms the Earth. An increase in chemical weathering can also lead to global cooling by removing more C02 from the atmosphere. For example, the Cenozoic uplift and weathering of large regions of high mountains such as the Alps and the Himalaya may have triggered the global cooling that culminated in the glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch.
Long term cooling of the climate on Earth is controlled by
QUESTION ID:11
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Weathering has affected the long term climate of Earth by changing the Carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere through the inorganic carbon cycle. The planet Venus has a dense atmosphere composed mostly of C02, which traps so much solar heat that surface temperature reaches 480°(. Earth has comparatively very little C02 in the atmosphere, that is enough to keep most of the surface above freezing but not too hot to support life. However, when Earth first formed, its atmosphere was probably very much like that of Venus, with much more C02.
The inorganic carbon cycle helps to regulate the climate of Earth because C02 is a greenhouse gas, chemical weathering accelerates with warming, and the formation of limestone occurs mostly in warm, tropical oceans. When Earth's climate is warm, chemical weathering and the formation of limestone increase, drawing C02 from the atmosphere, which cools the climate. When the global climate cools, chemical weathering and limestone formation slow down, allowing C02 to accumulate in the atmosphere from volcanism, which warms the Earth. An increase in chemical weathering can also lead to global cooling by removing more C02 from the atmosphere. For example, the Cenozoic uplift and weathering of large regions of high mountains such as the Alps and the Himalaya may have triggered the global cooling that culminated in the glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch.
limestone is primarily
QUESTION ID:12
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Weathering has affected the long term climate of Earth by changing the Carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere through the inorganic carbon cycle. The planet Venus has a dense atmosphere composed mostly of C02, which traps so much solar heat that surface temperature reaches 480°C. Earth has comparatively very little C02 in the atmosphere, that is enough to keep most of the surface above freezing but not too hot to support life. However, when Earth first formed, its atmosphere was probably very much like that of Venus, with much more COz. The inorganic carbon cycle helps to regulate the climate of Earth because COz is a greenhouse gas, chemical weathering accelerates with warming, and the formation of limestone occurs mostly in warm, tropical oceans. When Earth's climate is warm, chemical weathering and the formation of limestone increase, drawing COz from the atmosphere, which cools the climate. When the global climate cools, chemical weathering and limestone formation slowdown, allowing C02 to accumulate in the atmosphere from volcanism, which warms the Earth. An increase in chemical weathering can also lead to global cooling by removing more COz from the atmosphere. For example, the Cenozoic uplift and weathering of large regions of high mountains such as the Alps and the Himalaya may have triggered the global cooling that culminated in the glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch.
Which one of the following is not an expected signature of glaciation in the Himalayas
QUESTION ID:13
Ecological engineering is based on which one of the four classes of ecotechnology?
Answer : Drop
QUESTION ID:14
What is the maximum period valid for granting Environmental Clearance (EC) for mining projects?
QUESTION ID:15
Consider the following statements regarding reactions in moderately acidic soils:
A. Base saturation is higher than that in the strongly acidic soils.
B. Free aluminium ions are abundant in soil solutions.
C. Aluminium hydroxy ions act as exchangeable cations.
D. Small amounts of readily exchangeable hydrogen contributes to soil acidity
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
QUESTION ID:16
Given below are two statements.
Statement I:
Cyclonic wind flow in the northern hemisphere is counter-clockwise.
Statement II:
If you stand with your back to the wind in the northern hemisphere, low pressure will be to your left and high pressure will be to your right.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:17
What is the correct increasing order of following rocks by per cent volume in the earth's crust?
A. Igneous rocks
B. Sedimentary rocks.
C. Metamorphic rocks
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
QUESTION ID:18
What is the correct sequence in decreasing order of hardness among the following?
A. Gypsum
B. Fluorite
C. Feldspar
D. Topaz
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
QUESTION ID:19
A random variable X follows Poisson distribution such that probabilities P(X = 1) = P(X = 2) . Now consider the following statements:
A. The mean of this Poisson distribution is 2.
B. The variance of this Poisson distribution is 2.
C. Probability P(X = 0) is equal to e²²
D. Probability P(X = 0) = P(X = 1)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:20
Identify the correct sequence of the following countries/group of countries credited with the highest to the lowest shares of cumulative CO2 emissions to date.
A. USA
B. China
C. EU
D. India
E. Japan
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:21
Relative contribution (%) of the Green House Gases to global warming in decreasing order
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Methane
C. CFC-12
D. Nitrous oxide
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
QUESTION ID:22
Consider the following statements regarding reactions of pesticides in soils:
A. They may vaporize into the atmosphere without any chemical change.
B. They do not move downward through the soil in solution form.
C. They are resistant to microbial decay.
D. They may be absorbed by plants.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:23
Consider the following regarding the incineration process of solid waste.
A. It is an oxidation process.
B. The two major combustible chemical elements are carbon and hydrogen.
C. Cellulose in the biowaste is transformed into organic acids.
D. Excess source of air is not necessary.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:24
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as
Reason R
Assertion A: The risks from radioactive liquid wastes are caused under decontamination, solidification and disposal procedures.
Reason R: The chemicals in radioactive liquid wastes are hazardous in nature.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:25
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, and hexavalent chromium in one form or other are present in electronic wastes.
Statement II: Landfilling of electronic waste is the best operation from the environmental viewpoint.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:26
Provision of Extended Producer's Responsibility (EPR) of producer, importer and brand owner for collecting back the waste generated by their product has been in the
A. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016
B. Construction & Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016
C. Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016
D. E-waste (Management) Rules, 2016
E. Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:27
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Increasing the productivity of forests to meet essential needs is one of the major objectives of the National Forest Policy, 1988.
Statement II: According to the National Forest Policy, 1988, no forest-based enterprise should provide employment to local people on a priority basis.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
QUESTION ID:28
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Covariance between two variables X and Y determines whether the correlation between them is negative or positive.
Statement II: The product of the standard deviation of two variables X and Y can be both positive or negative.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:29
Consider the following statements regarding skewness:
A. For a positively skewed distribution, the value of the mean is the greatest among the mean, median and mode.
B. For a negatively skewed distribution, the median is greater than the mean.
C. Karl Pearson's coefficient of skewness always lies between the limits +1
D. Bowley's coefficient of skewness always lies between the limits ±1
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:30
Consider the following statements about normal distribution:
A. This distribution is applicable to continuous random variables.
B. It is a symmetrical distribution.
C. The mean of a standard normal distribution is 1.
D. The standard deviation of the standard normal distribution is 1.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
QUESTION ID:31
Consider the following statements pertaining to sampling theory:
A. The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of a statistic is known as its standard error.
B. The precision of the sample estimate of some population parameter is the reciprocal of the standard error of the sampling distribution of the estimate.
C. A Type - I error in hypothesis testing occurs when we accept a wrong null hypothesis.
D. A Type - II error in hypothesis testing occurs when we reject a true null hypothesis.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:32
Match List I (Instrument) with List II (Function)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:33
Match List I (Analysis) with List II (Analytical techniques
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:34
Match List I (Organism) with List II (Ecosystem structure components)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:35
Match List I (Elements) with List II (Characteristics)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:36
Match List I (Rock types) with List II (Characteristics)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:37
Match List I (Air pollutants) with List II (Control Technique/Equipment)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:38
Match List I (Atmospheric stability) with List II (Lapse Rate)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:39
Match List I Statistical Test) with List II (Applications)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:40
Match List I (Environmentally significant Days) with List II (Dates)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:41
Match List-I (Processes) with List-II (Energy Transfer)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:42
A strategy favoured by r-selection is:
QUESTION ID:43
Traditionally membranes have been classified based on the minimum size of the contaminant that is excluded from passing through the particular membrane. Arrange the following in the correct sequence of decreasing pore size
A. Reverse Osmosis
B. Nanofiltration
C. Microfiltration
D. Ultrafiltration
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:44
For a given noise signal, what would be the correct order of noise indices in terms of increasing values?
A. L10
B. L50
C. L1
D. Lgo
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:45
Identify the correct sequence of steps involved in the development of a model.
A. Validation
B. Formulation
C. Identification
D. Solution
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:46
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Plants generally reflect radiation highly in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Reason R: Plant leaves generally contain high chlorophyll content.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:47
Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Tropopause acts as a 'lid' limiting both convection and transport from the troposphere into the higher layers of the atmosphere.
Reason R: At tropopause height and at higher levels, the atmosphere is stable.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:48
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Isomorphous substitution is the source of constant charges on soil silicate clays.
Reason R: Cations of comparable size substitute each other in respective tetrahedral and octahedral sheets in silicate clays.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:49
Yaw control used in wind turbine generator is a:
QUESTION ID:50
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Some countries are immune to the impacts of climate change
Reason R: The net contribution of some countries is less than 1% towards the global CO2 emissions as a whole.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:51
Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Solar and wind energy systems require quite large structures relative to power produced.
Reason R: Energy flux densities associated with solar energy and wind energy are on average small.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:52
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFCs) are used as substitute compounds for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Reason R: HCFCs and HFCs are quite susceptible to reaction with OH radicals in the troposphere
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:53
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Regression analysis is suitable for two variables having a linear causal relationship between them.
Reason R: The causal relationship between two variables is never curvilinear.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:54
Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Leslie's matrix population model is a discrete and age-independent model
Statement II: The first row in Leslie's projection matrix represents fertility
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:55
Arrange the environmental movements in chronological order
A. Silent Valley struggle
B. Chipko movement
C. Appiko movement
D. Narmada Bachao movement
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:56
Regarding Bharat Stage (BS-VI) vehicular emissions norms, choose the correct statements:
A. BS (VI) emission norms are equivalent to Euro (VI) norms.
B. BS (VI) norms require the up-gradation of engine and emission control technology
C. BS(VI) norms are applicable to all categories of the vehicles including two, three and four- wheelers.
D. BS (VI) norms do not require any change in fuel quality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:57
Which among the following atmospheric constituents have a negative radiative forcing?
A. Tropospheric ozone
B. Stratospheric ozone
C. Sulphate Aerosol
D. Nitrous oxide
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
QUESTION ID:58
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow
The colour photograph of Earthrise, taken by Apollo 8 astronaut William A. Anders on December 24, 1968, is a powerful and eloquent image. One leading environmentalist has rightfully described it as "the most influential environmental photograph ever taken". Inspired by the photograph, economist Kenneth E. Boulding summed up the finite nature of our planet as viewed in the context of the vast expanse of space in his metaphor "Spaceship Earth". What had been perceived throughout human history as a limitless frontier had suddenly become a tiny sphere: limited in its resources, crowded by an ever-expanding human population, and threatened by our use of the atmosphere and the oceans as repositories for our consumptive wastes.
Perception of the planet Earth before 1968 was that it had
QUESTION ID:59
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow
The colour photograph of Earthrise, taken by Apollo 8 astronaut William A. Anders on December 24, 1968, is a powerful and eloquent image. One leading environmentalist has rightfully described it as "the most influential environmental photograph ever taken". Inspired by the photograph, economist Kenneth E. Boulding summed up the finite nature of our planet as viewed in the context of the vast expanse of space in his metaphor "Spaceship Earth". What had been perceived throughout human history as a limitless frontier had suddenly become a tiny sphere: limited in its resources, crowded by an ever-expanding human population, and threatened by our use of the atmosphere and the oceans as repositories for our consumptive wastes.
Carrying capacity of the Earth is threatened by
A. Human population explosion
B. Irrational use of atmosphere
C. Dumping of consumptive wastes in the ocean
D. Development of space technology
QUESTION ID:60
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow
The colour photograph of Earthrise, taken by Apollo 8 astronaut William A. Anders on December 24, 1968, is a powerful and eloquent image. One leading environmentalist has rightfully described it as "the most influential environmental photograph ever taken". Inspired by the photograph, economist Kenneth E. Boulding summed up the finite nature of our planet as viewed in the context of the vast expanse of space in his metaphor "Spaceship Earth". What had been perceived throughout human history as a limitless frontier had suddenly become a tiny sphere: limited in its resources, crowded by an ever-expanding human population, and threatened by our use of the atmosphere and the oceans as repositories for our consumptive wastes.
Perception about the planet Earth is that, it is a
QUESTION ID:61
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow
The colour photograph of Earthrise, taken by Apollo 8 astronaut William A. Anders on December 24, 1968, is a powerful and eloquent image. One leading environmentalist has rightfully described it as "the most influential environmental photograph ever taken". Inspired by the photograph, economist Kenneth E. Boulding summed up the finite nature of our planet as viewed in the context of the vast expanse of space in his metaphor "Spaceship Earth". What had been perceived throughout human history as a limitless frontier had suddenly become a tiny sphere: limited in its resources, crowded by an ever-expanding human population, and threatened by our use of the atmosphere and the oceans as repositories for our consumptive wastes.
The metaphor "Spaceship Earth" was used to described the Earth as
QUESTION ID:62
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow
The colour photograph of Earthrise, taken by Apollo 8 astronaut William A. Anders on December 24, 1968, is a powerful and eloquent image. One leading environmentalist has rightfully described it as "the most influential environmental photograph ever taken". Inspired by the photograph, economist Kenneth E. Boulding summed up the finite nature of our planet as viewed in the context of the vast expanse of space in his metaphor "Spaceship Earth". What had been perceived throughout human history as a limitless frontier had suddenly become a tiny sphere: limited in its resources, crowded by an ever-expanding human population, and threatened by our use of the atmosphere and the oceans as repositories for our consumptive wastes.
Inference of the passage is that the Earth is an ecosystem of
QUESTION ID:63
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
The fermentation products prior to 1900 AD were confined to potable alcohol and vinegar. However, the first true large-scale breweries date from the 1700s AD when wooden vats of 1500 barrels capacity were introduced. By the mid-1800s AD, the role of yeasts in alcohol fermentation had been demonstrated independently by Cagniard-Latour, Schwann and Kutzing but it was Louis Pasteur who convinced the scientific world of the obligatory role of micro-organisms in the process. During the 1800s AD, Hansen started his pioneering work for isolating and propagating single yeast cells to produce pure culture. However, many traditional ale-producing breweries still use mixed yeast cultures. Vinegar was originally produced by leaving wine in shallow bowls or partially filled barrels where it was slowly oxidized to vinegar by the development of natural flora. The appreciation of the importance of air in the process led to the development of the 'generator'. Between the years, 1900 AD and 1940 AD, themost important advances were the development in the baker's yeast, solvent fermentation, citric acid production and lactic acid production.
Vinegar is a product of
QUESTION ID:64
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
The fermentation products prior to 1900 AD were confined to potable alcohol and vinegar. However, the first true large-scale breweries date from the 1700s AD when wooden vats of 1500 barrels capacity were introduced. By the mid-1800s AD, the role of yeasts in alcohol fermentation had been demonstrated independently by Cagniard-Latour, Schwann and Kutzing but it was Louis Pasteur who convinced the scientific world of the obligatory role of micro-organisms in the process. During the 1800s AD, Hansen started his pioneering work for isolating and propagating single yeast cells to produce pure culture. However, many traditional ale-producing breweries still use mixed yeast cultures. Vinegar was originally produced by leaving wine in shallow bowls or partially filled barrels where it was slowly oxidized to vinegar by the development of natural flora. The appreciation of the importance of air in the process led to the development of the 'generator'. Between the years, 1900 AD and 1940 AD, themost important advances were the development in the baker's yeast, solvent fermentation, citric acid production and lactic acid production.
Many traditional ale-producing breweries use
QUESTION ID:65
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
The fermentation products prior to 1900 AD were confined to potable alcohol and vinegar. However, the first true large-scale breweries date from the 1700s AD when wooden vats of 1500 barrels capacity were introduced. By the mid-1800s AD, the role of yeasts in alcohol fermentation had been demonstrated independently by Cagniard-Latour, Schwann and Kutzing but it was Louis Pasteur who convinced the scientific world of the obligatory role of micro-organisms in the process. During the 1800s AD, Hansen started his pioneering work for isolating and propagating single yeast cells to produce pure culture. However, many traditional ale-producing breweries still use mixed yeast cultures. Vinegar was originally produced by leaving wine in shallow bowls or partially filled barrels where it was slowly oxidized to vinegar by the development of natural flora. The appreciation of the importance of air in the process led to the development of the 'generator'. Between the years, 1900 AD and 1940 AD, themost important advances were the development in the baker's yeast, solvent fermentation, citric acid production and lactic acid production.
Who among the following first developed the method of producing a pure culture of yeasts?
QUESTION ID:66
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
The fermentation products prior to 1900 AD were confined to potable alcohol and vinegar. However, the first true large-scale breweries date from the 1700s AD when wooden vats of 1500 barrels capacity were introduced. By the mid-1800s AD, the role of yeasts in alcohol fermentation had been demonstrated independently by Cagniard-Latour, Schwann and Kutzing but it was Louis Pasteur who convinced the scientific world of the obligatory role of micro-organisms in the process. During the 1800s AD, Hansen started his pioneering work for isolating and propagating single yeast cells to produce pure culture. However, many traditional ale-producing breweries still use mixed yeast cultures. Vinegar was originally produced by leaving wine in shallow bowls or partially filled barrels where it was slowly oxidized to vinegar by the development of natural flora. The appreciation of the importance of air in the process led to the development of the 'generator'. Between the years, 1900 AD and 1940 AD, themost important advances were the development in the baker's yeast, solvent fermentation, citric acid production and lactic acid production.
In pre-1900s AD, which types of vessels were used in large-scale breweries?
QUESTION ID:67
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
The fermentation products prior to 1900 AD were confined to potable alcohol and vinegar. However, the first true large-scale breweries date from the 1700s AD when wooden vats of 1500 barrels capacity were introduced. By the mid-1800s AD, the role of yeasts in alcohol fermentation had been demonstrated independently by Cagniard-Latour, Schwann and Kutzing but it was Louis Pasteur who convinced the scientific world of the obligatory role of micro-organisms in the process. During the 1800s AD, Hansen started his pioneering work for isolating and propagating single yeast cells to produce pure culture. However, many traditional ale-producing breweries still use mixed yeast cultures. Vinegar was originally produced by leaving wine in shallow bowls or partially filled barrels where it was slowly oxidized to vinegar by the development of natural flora. The appreciation of the importance of air in the process led to the development of the 'generator'. Between the years, 1900 AD and 1940 AD, themost important advances were the development in the baker's yeast, solvent fermentation, citric acid production and lactic acid production.
Which among the following is one of the oldest products of fermentation technology?
QUESTION ID:68
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct answer using the code given below.
Assertion (A) : Stratosphere is a strongly layered structure.
Reason. (R) : Stratosphere is neutrally stable.
QUESTION ID:69
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In clear water, the reflectance is very high in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum
Statement II: Pure water strongly absorbs radiation from the mid-infrared spectral region
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :