ABA is synthesized in almost all cells that contain chloroplasts

or amyloplasts and has been detected in every major organ and tissue. ABA is a 15-carbon terpenoid, or sesquiterpenoid, which is synthesized in plants by an indirect pathway via 40-carbon carotenoid intermediates

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 850

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Bacteria frequently deploy a “quorum‐sensing” mechanism to facilitate successful colonization of plant tissue

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 851

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Quorum sensing in E. carotovora is mediated by N‐acyl homo serine lactones,

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 852

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Xanthomonas oryzae secretes a highly conserved sulfated peptide called Ax21, which mediates quorum sensing by controlling Xanthomonas motility, biofilm formation, and virulence.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 853

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Phytoplasmas are specialized bacteria that are obligate parasites of the phloem tissue

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 854

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Phytoplasmas are mainly spread by insects in the families Cicadellidae (leaf hoppers), Fulgoroidae (plant hoppers), and Psyllidae.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 855

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Xylem‐colonizing bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is transmitted by various species of Homalodisca in the family Cicadlellidae.