Metastasis

cancer cells have acquired the ability to penetrate basement membranes using a cell protrusion called an invadopodium

#Id: 2603

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The SNP mutation responsible for sickle-cell disease changes amino acid 6 in haemoglobin β from glutamic acid (E) to valine (V). 

#Id: 2604

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The sequence of the PCR product from a heterozygous carrier shows both the normal (HbβA) and mutant (HbβS) nucleotides at the position of the substitution SSR genotyping by PCR product electrophoresis.

#Id: 2605

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Many different alleles are present in a population, but each person has only two alleles of any given SSR locus.

#Id: 2606

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

SSRs are highly polymorphic.

#Id: 2607

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

SSR alleles differ in length.

Left and right primers correspond to unique sequences that flank the SSR locus.

PCR-amplification of two alleles of an SSR locus.

Gel electrophoresis distinguishes the alleles from each other. 

#Id: 2608

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) is a technique based on allele-specific primers, which can be used to analyze single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effectively including the transition, transversion and insertion/deletion polymorphism and has been exploited in the study of diseases research, molecular diagnosis, and forensic biological evidence.