Most microtubules in a cell consist of a simple tube, a singlet microtubule, built from 13 protofilaments. 

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#Id: 9210

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Genetic bottleneck

Genetic drift arises is through a genetic bottleneck, which develops when a population undergoes a drastic reduction in size

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#Id: 9211

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

THE MAGNITUDE OF GENETIC DRIFT

n  = population size

pq=allelic frequency

sp2=variance in allelic frequency among the populations

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#Id: 9212

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Loss of their original diversity per generation

=1/2n

Gain of their original diversity per generation

=1/2n 

Gain or Loss of their original diversity per generation

=1/4n

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#Id: 9213

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Probability of being heterozygote in given population

H = 1 - 1/2N

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#Id: 9214

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Effective population size(Ne)

Effective number of breeding adults in a population.

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#Id: 9215

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Some factor determine Ne

1.Sex ratio.

2.Variation between individual in reproduction success.

3.Fluctuation in population size.

4.The age structure of the population.

5.Mating is random.