Noncanonical pathways can be divided into two types: 

1. The “planar cell polarity” pathway

2. The “Wnt/calcium” pathway

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#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Fitness 

Fitness is defined as the relative reproductive success of one genotype compared with other genotypes in the population

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Chemicals that are found to be mutagenic in the Ames test can then be tested for their potential carcinogenic effects in animals.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Two BH3-only proteins, Puma and Noxa are transcriptionally induced by the p53 protein

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Leaky Expression

In repressed state, an occasional transcript gets made. This happens because every so often, RNA polymerase will manage to bind the promoter in place of the Lac repressor. This leakiness encode meager level of Z, Y and A.

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#Id: 2026

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Plasmid Small, circular DNA molecule found in bacterial cells that is capable of replicating independently from the bacterial chromosome.