The term complement refers to a set of serum proteins that cooperates with both the innate and the adaptive immune systems to eliminate blood and tissue pathogens. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8052

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

1. Glucogenic amino acids- which are degraded to pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, fumarate, or oxaloacetate and are therefore glucose precursors

2. Ketogenic amino acids- which are broken down to acetyl-CoA or acetoacetate and can thus be converted to fatty acids or ketone bodies

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8053

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

1. Alanine is can be mutated to

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8054

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8055

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8056

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Glu–Cys–Gly peptide in which the γ-carboxylate group of the glutamate side chain forms an isopeptide bond.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8057

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Cysteine, tryptophan, and methionine are not common amino acids: together, they constitute approximately 5 percent of the amino acids in a typical protein. Four amino acids—leucine, serine, lysine, and glutamic acid—are the most abundant amino acids, constituting 32 percent of all the residues in a typical protein.