Recombinant chromosomes have too many copies of some genes and no copies of others, so gametes that receive the recombinant chromosomes cannot produce viable progeny.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4902

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

T-test uses means and standard deviations of two samples to make a comparison. The formula for T-test is given below:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4905

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Variance and Standard Deviation are the two important measurements in statistics.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4906

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Variance is a measure of how data points vary from the mean, whereas standard deviation is the measure of the distribution of statistical data.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4908

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

According to layman’s words, the variance is a measure of how far a set of data are dispersed out from their mean or average value. It is denoted as ‘σ²’.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4910

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Variance is always non-negative since each term in the variance sum is squared and therefore the result is either positive or zero.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4911

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Variance always has squared units. For example, the variance of a set of weights estimated in kilograms will be given in kg squared.