Chromosome has to be read under following heads

1. Packaging and packing proteins

2. Supercoiling

3. Loops, domains, centromere and telomere

4. Histones

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#Id: 6568

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

GABA A receptors are Cl– channels, and the resulting Cl– influx hyperpolarizes the A cells to inhibit glucagon secretion 

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#Id: 6569

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Glucagon secretion is increased by stimulation of the sympathetic nerves to the pancreas, & sympathetic effect is mediated via β-adrenergic receptors and cAMP

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#Id: 6570

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Somatostatin 14 and its amino terminal-extended form somatostatin 28 are found in the D cells of pancreatic islets

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#Id: 6571

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

SS14 & SS28 both inhibits the secretion of insulin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypeptide and act locally within the pancreatic islets in a paracrine fashion

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#Id: 6572

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Human pancreatic polypeptide contains 36 amino acid residues and is produced by F cells in the islets

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#Id: 6573

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Pancreatic polypeptide is closely related to, 

polypeptide YY, a gastrointestinal peptide

neuropeptide Y, found in the brain & autonomic nervous system