Phytochrome responses fall into three major categories based on the amount of light required; very-low-fluence responses (VLFRs), low-fluence responses (LFRs), and high-irradiance responses (HIRs).

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#Id: 6956

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

EFFECTS OF TRANSLOCATIONS New linkage relations may affect gene expression. The chromosome breaks that bring about translocations may take place within a gene and disrupt its function.

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#Id: 115

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

There are two components of inductive interaction:

 Inducer

 Responder

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#Id: 186

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

A morphogenetic determinant specifies cells in a qualitative (“present or absent”) way.

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#Id: 4249

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The most common antibiotics used are penicillin and streptomycin, which inhibit a wide spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Penicillin acts by inhibiting the last step in bacterial cell wall synthesis while streptomycin blocks protein synthesis.

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#Id: 5893

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

base pairs at the 3’ end of the primer, which are in the more open A-form. A sharp turn in the DNA exposes the template base to the incoming nucleotide