Induction-Reversion Responses or, Low Fluence (LF) Responses

Examples include:

Light-sensitive seed germination;

Many seeds require light for germination (like lettuce), whereas others are inhibited by light (wild oats, Phacelia, Royal Paulownia). Phytochrome presumably stimulates GA synthesis/release which in turn, stimulates the mobilization of stored reserves

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1710

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Eosinophils play their most important role in the defense against multicellular parasitic organisms, including worms.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1711

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Healthy individuals generate IgE antibodies only in response to parasitic infections.

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#Id: 1712

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Atopic, are predisposed to generate IgE antibodies against common environmental antigens

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#Id: 1713

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

IgE Antibodies Act by Cross-Linking Fc Receptors on the Surfaces of Innate Immune Cells. Including mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils.

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#Id: 1714

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The binding of IgE antibodies to FcεRs activates these granulocytes, inducing a signaling cascade that causes cells to release the contents of intracellular granules into the blood, a process called degranulation. releases histamine, heparin, and proteases.

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#Id: 1715

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Properties of allergens

 a. Allergens are either protein or glycoprotein in nature, with multiple antigenic sites.

 b. Many allergens have intrinsic enzymatic activity that affects the immune response.

c.  Many allergens contain potential pathogen associated molecular patterns.

d.  Many allergens enter the host via mucosal tissues at very low concentrations, which tend to predispose the individual to generate TH2 responses, leading to B-cell secretion of IgE.