Input of energy in the form of ATP is required at several stages for the prepriming reaction, and it is required for unwinding DNA.

The helicase action of DnaB depends on ATP hydrolysis, and the swivel action of gyrase requires ATP hydrolysis.

ATP also is needed for the action of primase and to load the b subunit of Pol III in order to initiate DNA synthesis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3230

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Transcriptionally active genes are preferentially repaired via transcription-coupled repair.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4707

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

From the four possible transitions (n!p*, p!p*, n!s*, s!s*), only two can be elicited with light from the UV/Vis spectrum for some biological molecules: n!p* and p!p*. The n!s* and s!s* transitions are

energetically not within the range of UV/Vis spectroscopy and require higher energies.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7152

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1392

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The giant protein titin extends through the thick filaments and attaches to the Z disk.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7709

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

                              Type II β turn