Shortly after transcription initiation, Pol II is paused 30 nucleotides downstream from the initiation site, waiting for the recruitment of the capping enzymes to add the cap to the 5’ end of nascent RNA. Without this protection, nascent RNA may be vulnerable to attack by 5’–3’ exonucleases, and such trimming may induce the Pol II complex to fall off of the DNA template.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 918

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Propidium iodide-labeled cells in order as

1. Apoptotic cells

2. G1/G0

3. S

4. G2/M  

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7333

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the genotypic frequencies are determined by the allelic  frequencies.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6102

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

5-bromouracil induces transitions in both directions, A:T ↔ G:C Deamination of adenine results in A:T → G:C transitions and the deamination of cytosine produces G:C → A:T transitions, so nitrous acid induces transitions in both directions

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1996

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

AAUAAA motif- CPSF CPSF 73 (CF1 & CFII)- Poly A site GU element- CstF

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9491

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant