APOBEC3G (A3G)—is a potent inhibitor of infection by a range of retroviruses, including HIV. deaminates Cs to produce Us in that DNA strand, leading to hypermutation at levels the virus cannot accommodate, or even to destruction of the damaged strand by DNA glycosylase and apurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Indicator species - Some species demonstrate health of community 

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Clement’s organismic model- Competition causes sharp boundaries between groups of species; certain species group together.

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#Id: 5757

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Gleason’s individualistic model- Competition does not cause sharp boundaries; different species do not group together due to physical variables.

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Principle of species individuality

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Species richness- which is a count of the number of species.

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#Id: 5760

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

One major problem is that this approach does not take species frequency of occurrence or relative abundance into account.