TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6295

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

An additional DNA element that binds RNA polymerase is found in some strong promoters, for example, those directing expression of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. This is called an UP-element and increases polymerase binding by providing an additional specific interaction between the enzyme and the DNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6775

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

mRNP export from the nucleus into the cytoplasm is controlled by the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of mRNP adapter proteins, REF, the NXF1/NXT1 mRNP exporter to mRNPs. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5028

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The replication cycle can be defined in terms of two constants: C and D

C is the fixed time of 40 minutes required to replicate the entire E.coli chromosome. Its duration corresponds to a rate of replication fork movement of 50,000 bp/minute.

D is the fixed time of 20 minutes that elapses between the completion of a round of replication and the cell division with which it is connected. This period may represent the time required to assemblethe components needed for division.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2564

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The loop region of the beacon is designed to bind specifically to a target nucleic acid. Thus, in the presence of the target nucleic acid, the stem region of the beacon becomes separated, releasing the fluorophore from the quencher such that active fluorescence can be observed.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9444

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior