Unlike pluripotent stem cells, adult or multipotent stem cells in culture not only have a restricted array of cell types that they can create, but they also have a finite number of generations for self-renewal.

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

mtDNA is located in the mitochondrial matrix, and in the rapidly growing cells, mtDNA is often seen in regions devoid of densely stacked cristae.

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

F (fertility) factor Episome of E. coli that controls conjugation and gene exchange between cells.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

In the absence of Hh,

Ptc inhibits Smoothened and then degraded in proteasomes

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The duration of annealing step is usually 1 min during the first as well as the subsequent cycles of PCR. 

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Method for determining mRNA half-lives.

RNA polymerase II transcription is shut down, either by a drug or a temperature shift in strains with a temperature sensitive mutation in a Pol II gene. The levels of specific mRNAs are determined by northern blot or RT-PCR at various times following shutdown.