Hyperactivation mediated by the opening of the sperm specific calcium channels, the CatSper proteins, in the sperm tail.

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Indo – Burma Region (over a distance of  2,373,000 km²)

6 large mammal species have been discovered in this region: the Large-antlered Munt jac, the Annamite Munt jac, the Grey-shanked Douc, the Annamite Striped Rabbit, the Leaf Deer, and the Saola.

Endemic freshwater turtle species, most of which are threatened with extinction, due to over-harvesting and extensive habitat loss. 

There are also 1,300 different bird species, including the threatened White-eared Night-heron, the Grey-crowned Crocias, and the Orange-necked Partridge.

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The Western Ghats

Most of the deciduous forests and rain forests. This region consists of 6000 plant species of which 3000 are endemic. Originally, the vegetation in this region was spread over 190,000 km2 but has been now reduced to 43,000 km2. The region is also known for 450 species of birds, 140 mammals, 260 reptiles, and 175 amphibians.

UNISCO heritage site 2012 

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Sundaland

The Sundaland was declared as a World Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations. This region is famous for its rich terrestrial and marine ecosystem. Sundaland is one of the biologically richest hotspots in India which comprises 25,000 species of vascular plants, of which 15,000 are found only in this region.

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Biosphere Reserves The concept of Biosphere Reserves (BR) was launched in 1975 as a part of UNESCO’s

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The core zone is fully protected and natural area of the Biosphere Reserve least disturbed by human activities. The buffer zone surrounds the core zone and is managed to accommodate a greater variety of resource use strategies, and research and educational activities. the transition zone, the outermost part of the Biosphere Reserve, is an area of active cooperation between the reserve management and the local people. 

Till date there were 553 biosphere reserves located in 107 countries.

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#Unit 10. Ecological Principles