Once an enzyme makes a transcript longer than 10 nucleotides, it is said to have escaped the promoter. At this point, it has formed a stable ternary complex, containing enzyme, DNA, and RNA. This is the transition to the elongation phase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 799

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Mutations in the rpoB gene can reduce termination at a rho-dependent site.  Mutations in rpoB can restore the ability to terminate transcription at rho-dependent sites in rho mutant bacteria.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9086

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

A1 associates with ARF6, a small G protein in host cells which are accessible only when ARF6 is in its active (GTP-bound) form. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10339

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 949

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Sperm-specific calcium channels are encoded by CatSper genes

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6405

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

At high or low trp concentration, RNA Polymerase synthesizes full mRNA till region 4