Atoms are made of the same three basic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 778

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Termination requires that all hydrogen bonds holding the RNA–DNA hybrid together must be broken, after which the DNA duplex reforms.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 779

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Transcription termination sites are often best characterized in vitro. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 780

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Two type of Terminators 

1. Intrinsic terminators (Rho-independent terminators )

2. Rho-dependent terminators 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 781

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Intrinsic terminators—

1. Inverted Repeat on DNA 

2. Dyad Symmetry

3. Forms GC–rich hairpin 

4. Base of hairpin 7 U residues (T residues in the DNA) 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 782

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

1100 sequences in the E. coli genome that fit these criteria, suggesting more than half of the cell’s transcripts are terminated at intrinsic terminators.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 783

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes