There are several major approaches to protein structure prediction.

The simplest and most reliable approach is

homology modeling, aligns the sequence of interest with the sequence of a homologous protein or domain of known structure—compensating for amino acid substitutions, insertions, and deletions—through modeling and energy minimization calculations.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Caspases western blotting assay is also used to detect apoptosis

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The term electrophoresis describes the migration of a charged particle in medium (buffer/liquid) under the influence of an electric field.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In electrophoresis because of the varying charges and masses, of different molecules and particles of a mixture will migrate at different velocities under uniform force and will thus be separated into single fractions.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

When the potential gradient E is applied, the force F on a molecule bearing a charge of Q  sepreated  by distance d (measured in coulombs) is                  (in newton). 

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

If the frictional force taken into the consideration (which depend on hydrodynamic size, shape of the molecule, pore size of the medium, & pore size of the medium) velocity, v , of a charged molecule in an electric field is therefore given by the equation

where f is the frictional coefficient.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

During electrophoresis generation of heat is the major problem which leads to

ncreased rate of diffusion of sample and buffer ions.

Thermal instability which include denaturation of proteins.

A decrease of buffer viscosity.

Convection current leads mixing of separated samples