The repeat region of the Huntington disease locus (HD) in six individuals is amplified by PCR and analyzed by gel electrophoresis as shown in the following figure; the numbers to the right indicate the sizes of the PCR products in bp.

               

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Technique that allows genomic fragments to be rapidly scanned for the presence of exons is called exon trapping. 

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

When pairs of human 23 and mouse 20 homologs are compared, the genes located on either side also tend to be homologs. This relationship is called synteny

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Synteny provides a framework in which conservation of homologous genes and gene order is identified between genomes of different species

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

A functional gene can be located through the use of an expressed sequence tag (EST)

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Animal cells have small mitochondrial genomes 16.6 kb in mammals. There are several hundred mitochondria per cell and each mitochondrion has multiple copies of the DNA.