The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3365

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In reversal, MTHF polyGlu functions as a photoantenna to absorb blue-light photons.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3368

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In E. coli, DNA Pol IV (DinB) or DNA Pol V (a complex of the proteins UmuC and UmuD0 ) performs translesion synthesis. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3369

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

DinB and UmuC are members of a distinct family of DNA polymerases found in many organisms known as the Y family of DNA polymerases. There are five translesion polymerases known in humans, four of which belong to the Y family.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3370

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

A human member of the Y family of translesion polymerases (DNA Pol h) correctly inserts two A residues opposite a thymine dimer. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3371

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Structural studies show that the active site of DNA Pol h is better at accommodating a thymine dimer than is the active site of another translesion DNA polymerase (DNA Pol k

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3374

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Translesion synthesis replicates across the DNA lesion, but the lesion remains in the genome until a DNA repair pathway can subsequently correct the damage.