Postulate of Darwin

Geometric increase 

Limited food & Space

Struggle for existence 

Variation 

 Natural selection

Inheritance of useful characters

Speciation

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9739

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Benzoxazinoids, especially 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA) and its derivative 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin- 3-one (DIMBOA), are usually stored in the vacuole as glycosides coupled to d-glucose.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9740

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Cyanogenic glycosides represent a particularly toxic class of N-containing secondary metabolites. 

Upon tissue damage, these glycosides break down and release hydrogen cyanide (HCN). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9741

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria, which blocks the electron transport chain.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9742

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Amygdalin (the common cyanogenic glycoside found in the seeds of almonds, apricots, cherries, and peaches). 

Dhurrin from sorghum 

Linamarin and lotaustralin from cassava.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9743

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Glycosylated triterpenoid compound avenacin A1, found in oat (Avena sativa) roots The wheat root pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is extremely sensitive to avenacins

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9744

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Tomato plants produce tomatine, a compound that is closely related to avenacin. Only certain pathovars of the fungal pathogen Septoria lycopersici can cause disease on tomatoes, and these pathovars produce a glucosidase that can detoxify tomatine.