Cambrian - Most marine invertebrates. Ozone layer forms

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8576

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In smooth muscle, desmin filaments link cytoplasmic dense bodies to the plasma membrane to ensure that cells resist overstretching.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8577

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In skeletal muscle, 

The desmin filaments encircle the Z disk and are cross-linked to the plasma membrane. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8578

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Type IV Ifs consist of the three related subunits

NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H that make up the neurofilaments found in the axons of neurons

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8579

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig’s disease) 

neurodegenerative disease 

associated with an accumulation and abnormal assembly

of neurofilaments in motor neuron cell bodies and in the axon

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8580

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In humans, three genes encode lamins: 

Lamins A and C (alternatively spliced gene) 

Lamins B1 and B2

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8581

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

B-type lamins - expressed in essentially all cells (primordial lamin proteins)

lamins A and C - developmentally regulated