NOD1 also provides protection against the intracellular protozoan parasite Trypanosoma  cruzi,

NOD2 activates responses to some viruses, including influenza.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4997

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

To favoring internode elongation is usually reduced leaf area and reduced branching, but at least in the short run this adaptation to canopy shade seems to work.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4998

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

To favoring internode elongation is usually reduced leaf area and reduced branching, but at least in the short run this adaptation to canopy shade seems to work.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4999

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

R:FR ratio and seed germination,

large-seeded species, with ample food reserves to sustain prolonged seedling growth in darkness (e.g., underground), do not require light for germination.

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

In all photoperiodic plants,

In the winter when days are short, [P_R] > [P_FR]

In the summer when days are long, [P_R] < [P_FR]

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#Id: 5001

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The critical difference is that,

In short-day (i.e., winter flowering) plant species, P_FR inhibits flowering.

In long-day (i.e., summer-flowering) plant species, P_FR induces flowering.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5002

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Circadian rhythm in the diurnal movements of Albizia leaves.