Rho GTPases are the “master builders” of the cell because they can activate an array of kinases and cytoskeletal binding proteins that remodel cytoskeletal elements to alter cell shape and movement

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2236

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Highest rates of substitutions in regions of the gene that have the least effect on function, such as the third position of a codon, flanking regions, and introns.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2237

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Neutral selection (Ka/Ks = 1)

Positive selection (Ka/Ks > 1)

Purifying selection (Ka/Ks < 1)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2240

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

The neutral-mutation hypothesis proposes that most molecular variation is neutral with regard to natural selection and is shaped largely by mutation and genetic drift.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2241

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Neutral theory of molecular evolution developed by Motoo Kimura

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2242

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Codon bias- The different codons that correspond to the same amino acid appear at different frequencies in the genome

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2243

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

The loci that encode hemoglobins are members of a gene family, which is a set of loci that arose by duplication.