Scaffolds for MAP kinase pathways are well documented in yeast, fly, and worm cells, but their presence in mammalian cells has been difficult to demonstrate. Perhaps the best documented scaffold protein in metazoans is Ksr (kinase suppressor of Ras).

A. Ksr functions as a molecular scaffold by binding several signaling components of the MAP kinase cascade, including both MEK and MAP kinase; and thus can enhance MAP kinase activation by regulating the efficiency of these interactions.

B. Ksr function as a protein kinase which constitutive activate RTK signalling pathway.

C. Ksr function as a receptor proteins which inhibits RTK signalling pathway.

D. Ksr function as a protein phosphatase which inhibits RTK signalling pathway.

Which of the following statement is correct about Ksr?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12207

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following hormones activate enzyme-linked receptors?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12208

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following is produced by the trophoblast cells during the first 3 weeks of pregnancy?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12209

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

At birth, a large, well-nourished baby is found to have a plasma glucose concentration of 17 mg/Dl (normal is 80 to 100 mg/dL) and a plasma insulin concentration twice the normal value. What is the explanation for these findings?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12210

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12211

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 57-year-old man is admitted as an emergency for upper GI bleeding. Endoscopy reveals multiple ulcers in the duodenum. Serum gastrin levels are eight-fold higher compared to normal. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES, gastrinoma) is suspected. Administration of which of the following substances is useful in confirming the diagnosis?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12212

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

 A 71-year-old man with upper abdominal pain and blood in the stool takes NSAIDS for the pain and washes it down with whiskey. Pentagastrin administration produced lower than predicted levels of gastric acid secretion. Secretion of which of the following substances is most likely to be diminished in this patient with gastritis?