Mechano-transduction is the reciprocal interconversion of a mechanical force—or stimulus—and biochemical processes. These interconversions underlie a variety of biological activities, such as signaling, regulated gene expression, cell proliferation, cell migration, and interactions among cells and between cells and the ECM. Mechano-transduction in the context of cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions usually involves a cell-surface CAM or adhesion receptor that transmits mechanical force or biochemical information across the plasma membrane and one or more intracellular or extracellular mechano-sensors that respond to the mechanical stimulus by changing shape and activity. In Hypothetical model of the partial unfolding of a fibronectin type III, when that protein is subjected to mechanical force, following observations are-

A. Mechanical force generated within the cell by actin movement and transduce via multiple integrin adhesion receptors bound to the extracellular dimeric fibronectin can partially unfold the fibronectin.

B. The unfolding is thought to expose a putative, previously hidden binding site on fibronectin that has the potential to form β sheets with other fibronectin molecules, recruiting them to form fibronectin fibrils, and thus helping assemble the ECM.

According to observations which of the following protein act as mechano-sensor and mechano-transducer respectively?

#Question id: 28349

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

After the organization of microtubules, the two mRNA bicoid and oskar complexed with microtubules motor protein in oocyte, which localizes these mRNA, select the correct prediction about oskar mRNA?

#Question id: 28350

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Oskar mRNA becomes complexed to kinesin I, plus-directed motor protein that moves to the growing end of the microtubules at the posterior region, where it translate and allow to the localization of another mRNA such as____

#Question id: 28351

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Oskar mRNA becomes complexed with plus-directed motor protein in the oocyte, it moves to the growing end of the microtubules at the posterior region, where the translation occur but inhibition of Oskar translation is mediated by____

#Question id: 28352

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Which of the following protein acts as eIF4E-binding protein that specifically inhibit Oskar mRNA translation?

#Question id: 28353

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Before fertilization, graph representing A, B, C and D mRNA which is deposited in the oocyte by the ovarian nurse cells. Select the correct combination of these mRNAs.

#Question id: 28354

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The following statements were made regarding the patterning of anterior-posterior body plan of Drosophila:

A. Mutant bicoid mRNA that leads to the deletion of head and thorax

B. bicoid mutant phenotype expressed  two telson phenotype

C. the Bicoid protein activates the zygotic expression of the hunchback gene

D. the bicoid mRNA is represses the hunchback mRNA

Which one of the following options represents all correct statements as made above?