For innate and adaptive immunity to work together, these two systems must be able to communicate with one another. This communication is achieved by both cell-cell contact and by soluble messengers. Most of these soluble proteins are growth factor–like molecules known by the general name cytokines. Which of these molecule can work as communicator between innate and adaptive immunity?

#Question id: 4336

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which of the following processes would result from a mutation that deactivates a regulatory gene of a repressible operon in an E. coli cell?

#Question id: 4337

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause the lactose operon to be transcribed?

#Question id: 4338

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Altering patterns of gene expression in prokaryotes would most likely serve an organism's survival by __.

#Question id: 4339

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In positive control of several sugar metabolism-related operons, the cAMP receptor protein (CRP) binds to DNA to stimulate transcription. Which of the following environmental conditions causes an increase in CRP activity in stimulating transcription?

#Question id: 4340

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

There is a mutation that is found in E. coli in the repressor that results in a molecule known as a super-repressor because it represses the lac operon permanently. Which of the following characteristics would you expect to observe in such a mutant?

#Question id: 4341

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome. If a researcher moves the promoter for the lac operon to the region between the beta galactosidase (lacZ) gene and the permease (lacY) gene, which of the following results would be most likely?