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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1513

The kinase activity of ATM is activated in response to DNA damage due to various stresses (e.g., UV irradiation, heat). Activated ATM then triggers following pathways leading to arrest in G1.

A. Chk2 is phosphorylated and, in turn, phosphorylates Cdc25A, thereby marking it for degradation and blocking its role in CDK2 activation.

B. Phosphorylation of p53 stabilizes it, permitting p53-activated expression of genes encoding proteins that cause arrest in G1, promote apoptosis, or participate in DNA repair.

C. Controlling the pool of p53, ATM phosphorylates MDM2 to inactivate it, causing increased stabilization of p53. Another protein p14ARF inhibits the activity of Mdm2 thus stabilizing p53.

Based on the above information, which one of the following statements is correct?

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

  1. Gain-of-function of p14ARF and Loss-of-function of p53 leads to tumor formation.

  2. Gain-of-function of p53 and Loss-of-function of Chk2 leads to tumor formation.

  3. Gain-of-function of Cdc25A and Loss-of-function of Chk2 leads to tumor formation.

  4. Gain-of-function of Chk2 and Loss-of-function of MDM2 leads to tumor formation.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 15714

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Which component in the medium is reported to counteract the inhibitory effect of auxin and promotes bud formation in the absence of cytokinin.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 15715

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

In embryogenesis a type of structure with no vascular connection with the maternal callus tissue or explants is formed
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 15716

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Evolutionary biology extends and amplifies the explanation of biological phenomena. It complements studies of the proximate causes (immediate, mechanical causes) of biological phenomena If we ask what causes a male bird to sing, the proximate causes include the action of testosterone or other hormones
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 15717

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

 In The Origin of Species, Darwin propounded two major hypotheses:
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 15718

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Christians interpreted the biblical account of Genesis literally and concluded that each species had been created individually by God in the same form it has today. This belief is known as

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 15719

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778), who established the framework of modern taxonomy in his Systema Naturae (1735), won worldwide fame for his exhaustive classification of plants and animals, undertaken in the hope of discovering the pattern of the creation. Linnaeus classified,