The DNA can be labeled and used to probe a microarray, yielding a map of genomic sequences to which those particular nucleosomes bind. Because microarrays are often referred to as chips, this technique is called a ChIP-chip experiment. This experiment is designed to reveal the genomic DNA sequences to which a particular histone variant binds. 

I. Chromatin is isolated from the cells and digested briefly with micrococcal nuclease (MNase).

II. A histone variant with an epitope tag is introduced into a particular cell type, where it is incorporated into nucleosomes.

III. The DNA bound by nucleosomes is protected from digestion, but the linker DNA is cleaved, releasing segments of DNA bound to one or two nucleosomes.

IV. The pattern of hybridization on the microarray reveals the DNA sequences bound by the nucleosomes with the histone variant.

V. Antibody is added, and the nucleosomes containing the epitope-tagged histone variant are selectively precipitated.

VI. The DNA in these nucleosomes is extracted from the precipitate, labeled, and used to probe a microarray representing all or part of the genomic sequences of that particular cell type.

 Arrange the following statements in the correct order in which they are done.

#Question id: 8292

#Unit 9. Evolution & Diversity of Life Forms

Some molecular data place the giant panda in the bear family (Ursidae) but place the lesser panda in the raccoon family (Procyonidae). If the molecular data best reflect the evolutionary history of these two groups, then the morphological similarities of these two species is most likely due to ________.

#Question id: 8293

#Unit 9. Evolution & Diversity of Life Forms

The importance of computers and of computer software to modern systematics s is most closely linked to advances in ________.

#Question id: 8294

#Unit 9. Evolution & Diversity of Life Forms

The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed three-chambered hearts (two atria, one ventricle). Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having four-chambered hearts (two atria, two ventricles). The fourchambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as ________.

#Question id: 8295

#Unit 9. Evolution & Diversity of Life Forms

Imagine that a phylogeny was developed for a group of mammals based on bone structure. Which of the following statements would be a reasonable prediction about a phylogeny for the same group of species based on similarities and differences in the structure of a particular enzyme?

#Question id: 8296

#Unit 9. Evolution & Diversity of Life Forms

Giardia intestinalis can cause disease in several different mammalian species, including humans. Giardia organisms (G. intestinalis) that infect humans are similar morphologically to those that infect other mammals, thus they have been considered a single species. However, G. intestinalis has been divided into different subgroups based on their host and a few other characteristics. In 1999, a DNA sequence comparison study tested the hypothesis that these subgroups actually constitute different species. The following phylogenetic tree was constructed from the sequence comparison of rRNA from several subgroups of G. intestinalis and a few other morphologically distinct species of Giardia. The researchers concluded that the subgroups of Giardia are sufficiently different from one another genetically that they could be considered different species.

According to the phylogenetic tree in the figure above, G. intestinalis constitutes a ________ group.

#Question id: 8680

#Unit 9. Evolution & Diversity of Life Forms

Giardia intestinalis can cause disease in several different mammalian species, including humans. Giardia organisms (G. intestinalis) that infect humans are similar morphologically to those that infect other mammals, thus they have been considered a single species. However, G. intestinalis has been divided into different subgroups based on their host and a few other characteristics. In 1999, a DNA sequence comparison study tested the hypothesis that these subgroups actually constitute different species. The following phylogenetic tree was constructed from the sequence comparison of rRNA from several subgroups of G. intestinalis and a few other morphologically distinct species of Giardia. The researchers concluded that the subgroups of Giardia are sufficiently different from one another genetically that they could be considered different species

By examining the phylogenetic tree diagrammed in the figure above, what conclusion can you draw about the species G. microti?