#Question id: 70
#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number of biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate of diffusion of solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and diameters in the range of
#Question id: 71
#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
Which of the following is not the priority rule for R, S Configuration?
#Question id: 72
#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
For the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme hexokinase: Glucose + ATP → glucose 6-phosphate + ADP the equilibrium constant, Keq, is 7.8 × 102. In living E. coli cells, [ATP] = 5 mM, [ADP] = 0.5 mM, [glucose] = 2 mM, and [glucose 6-phosphate] = 1 mM. Which of the following conclusions made on the basis of the above calculations is incorrect?
#Question id: 73
#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
Match the Variation of Reaction Spontaneity (Sign of ΔG) given in Column I with the Signs of ΔH and ΔS given in column II.
|
COLUMN I |
COLUMN II |
|
|
|
|
ΔH |
ΔS |
ΔG = ΔH – TΔS |
|
1. |
− |
+ |
a. The
reaction is both enthalpically and entropically opposed. It is nonspontaneous
(endergonic) at all temperatures. |
|
2. |
− |
− |
b. The
reaction is enthalpically opposed (endothermic) but entropically favored. It
is spontaneous only at temperatures above T = ΔH/ΔS. |
|
3. |
+ |
+ |
c. The
reaction is enthalpically favored but entropically opposed. It is spontaneous
only at temperatures below T = ΔH/ΔS. |
|
4. |
+ |
− |
d. The
reaction is both enthalpically favored (exothermic) and entropically favored.
It is spontaneous (exergonic) at all temperatures. |
#Question id: 73
#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
Match the Variation of Reaction Spontaneity (Sign of ΔG) given in Column I with the Signs of ΔH and ΔS given in column II.
|
COLUMN I |
COLUMN II |
|
|
|
|
ΔH |
ΔS |
ΔG = ΔH – TΔS |
|
1. |
− |
+ |
a. The
reaction is both enthalpically and entropically opposed. It is nonspontaneous
(endergonic) at all temperatures. |
|
2. |
− |
− |
b. The
reaction is enthalpically opposed (endothermic) but entropically favored. It
is spontaneous only at temperatures above T = ΔH/ΔS. |
|
3. |
+ |
+ |
c. The
reaction is enthalpically favored but entropically opposed. It is spontaneous
only at temperatures below T = ΔH/ΔS. |
|
4. |
+ |
− |
d. The
reaction is both enthalpically favored (exothermic) and entropically favored.
It is spontaneous (exergonic) at all temperatures. |
#Question id: 74
#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
The enthalpy and entropy of the initial and final states of a reacting system are shown in the table. Calculate the change in free energy for the reaction when the temperature is 4°C.