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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 24281

Which of the following statement describes inside-out signaling?

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling
  1. Binding of integrins to their ligands induces conformational changes in their cytoplasmic domains, directly or indirectly altering their interactions with cytoplasmic proteins
  2. Binding of integrins to their ligands induces conformational changes in their transmembrane domains, directly or indirectly altering their interactions with cytoplasmic proteins
  3. Binding of cytoskeletal proteins intracellularly induces conformational changes in extracellular domains of integrins, so it unable to bind to the ligands
  4. intracellular signaling pathways can, via adapter proteins, modify the ability of integrins to bind to their extracellular ligands
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 7766

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The relationship between shortened telomeres and stem cell depletion has been seen in degenerative diseases such as mouse muscular dystrophy,

I) When____ is activated by damaged telomeres, DNA replication halts, and if the repair doesn’t work, apoptosis is initiated. If the cell is a stem cell or some other rapidly replicating cell, this will reduce the numbers of cells produced, and the lack of stem cells will produce an “aged” phenotype.

 II) When ____ is activated by damaged telomeres, DNA replication halts, repair do its work, apoptosis is inhibited. If the cell is a stem cell or some other rapidly replicating cell, this will increase the numbers of cells produced, and then these cells will produce an “aged” phenotype.

 Choose correct gene name with right statement
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 7767

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

How can evolution select for phenotypes that postpone reproduction or sexual maturity?” There is often a trade-off between reproduction and maintenance, and in many species reproduction and senescence are closely linked. Recent studies of mice, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila suggest that there is a conserved genetic pathway that regulates aging and that it can indeed be selected for. This pathway involves the response to insulin and insulin-like growth factors, Name of these transcription factors are
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 7768

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The insulin signaling pathway inhibits the synthesis of the Foxo transcription factor proteins that would otherwise increase cellular longevity. Downregulation of the insulin signaling pathway has several other functions, choose right one
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 8287

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

The following phylogeny shows six living species (a-f) and five ancestral (now extinct) species (#1-5). If the phylogeny had been developed on the basis of similarities in bone structure, which of the following predictions would you make in terms of the structure of a particular enzyme?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 8288

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

Some beetles and flies have antler-like structures on their heads, much like male deer. The existence of antlers in beetle, fly, and deer species with strong male-male competition is an example of ________.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 8289

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

The term convergent evolution is most applicable to which of the following features?