The treeʹs horizontal axis is a timeline that extends from 100,000 years ago to the present; the vertical axis represents nothing in particular. The labeled branch points on the tree (V—Z) represent various common ancestors. Letʹs say that only since 50,000 years ago has there been enough variation between the lineages depicted here to separate them into distinct species, and only the tips of the lineages on this tree represent distinct species.

How many separate species, both extant and extinct, are depicted in this tree?

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#Question id: 15192

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Genes that control coat color in mammals represent some of the best early examples of genes with multiple alleles exhibiting different phenotypes. A classic example is the C gene in hamsters. Three of the known alleles of this gene are C, c^a and c^k. Each supplies a different amount of black pigment to the coat hair. The phenotypes of three different homozygous strains are as follows.

Based on the concepts of recessivity, determine whether ck and ca were dominant or recessive alleles by crossing the true-breeding albino hamsters  with the true-breeding sepia hamsters. From the resulting F1 progeny phenotype, what would be the ratio of F2 phenotype

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#Question id: 15193

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Genes that control coat color in mammals represent some of the best early examples of genes with multiple alleles exhibiting different phenotypes. A classic example is the C gene in hamsters. Three of the known alleles of this gene are C, c^a and c^k. Each supplies a different amount of black pigment to the coat hair. The phenotypes of three different homozygous strains are as follows.

would mate the true-breeding  c^a c^a  hamsters to the true-breeding c^k c^k  hamsters to produce heterozygous  c^a and c^k  F1 progeny. Crosses and their interpretation that would have allowed geneticists to come to the conclusion that c^a and c^k were likely to be alleles of the same using the concept that alleles of the same gene will be tightly linked. What will be the ratio of F2 hamster;

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#Question id: 15194

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

 Genes that control coat color in mammals represent some of the best early examples of genes with multiple alleles exhibiting different phenotypes. A classic example is the C gene in hamsters. Three of the known alleles of this gene are C, c^a and c^k. Each supplies a different amount of black pigment to the coat hair. The phenotypes of three different homozygous strains are as follows.

would mate the true-breeding  c^a c^a  hamsters to the true-breeding c^k c^k  hamsters to produce heterozygous  c^a and c^k  F1 progeny,  the F1 progeny cack  hamsters self fertilized, From the fraction of F2 progeny that have the wild type black phenotype, 

Crosses and their interpretation that would have allowed geneticists to come to the conclusion that ca and ck were likely to be alleles of the different gene. 

What will be the ratio of F2 hamster;

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#Question id: 15195

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

In the following pedigree shows the segregation of two different recessive traits.

Assuming that both traits are due to linked autosomal genes that are 10 cM apart, calculate the probability that the indicated child will have both recessive traits.

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#Question id: 15196

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

In the following pedigree shows the segregation of two different recessive traits.

Derive a general equation relating the probability that the child will have both traits expressed as a function of the distance between the markers in cM.

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#Question id: 15197

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

In the following pedigree shows the segregation of two different recessive traits.

Assuming that both traits are 10 cM apart on the X chromosome, what is the probability that a male child will have both recessive traits?