The treeʹs horizontal axis is a timeline that extends from 100,000 years ago to the present; the vertical axis represents nothing in particular. The labeled branch points on the tree (V—Z) represent various common ancestors. Letʹs say that only since 50,000 years ago has there been enough variation between the lineages depicted here to separate them into distinct species, and only the tips of the lineages on this tree represent distinct species.

According to this tree, what percent of the species seem to be extant (i.e., not extinct)?

#Question id: 10685

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

figure show population growth in two species A ana B . Interaction between

#Question id: 10686

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

 Following figure are shown figure of predator prey model 

Following some observation are given

A) The number of prey, N, increase at low predator densities, P, and decrease at high predator densities

B) Prey zero isoclines is depends on the ratio of the growth rate of prey to the capture efficiency of the predators

C) Number of predator needed for prey isoclines is depends on the ratio of the death rate of predators to the conversion efficiency of predators

D) Number of predator for prey isoclines depends on the ratio of the death rate of prey to the conversion efficiency of predators

Which of the above observation are true?

#Question id: 10687

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

V(t) and E(t) are, respectively, prey density and predator density at time t. The densities have dynamics

What will the positive equilibrium densities of both predator and pray at isocline

#Question id: 10688

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

For two species A and B in competition, the carrying capacities, competition coefficients, per capita growth rate and population size are

KA = 1000           KB = 1200    α of B= 1     β of A= .5       rB= .5         r A= .3                

AN= 500                  BN= 200

According to the Lotka-Volterra model, what is growth rate of species A?

#Question id: 10689

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Which of the following is correct statement?

A) Body size of parasitoid is always greater than host but parasite usually smaller than host

B) Predator immediately kill their prey however parasitoid never kill their host

C) Intrinsic rate of parasite is faster than host but intrinsic rate of predator is slower than prey

D) Body association time between parasite and host is more than time association between predator and prey

#Question id: 10690

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Which of following interaction shown in following species of Paramecium?