The depicted region contains two genes (cI and cro) and three promoters (PR, PL, and PRM), these promoters are direct the transcription such as;

a) PR and PL are is a weak promoter and only directs efficient transcription when an activator is bound just upstream

b) PR and PL are strong, constitutive promoters, they bind RNA polymerase efficiently and direct transcription without     help from an activator

c) PRM, is a weak promoter and only directs efficient transcription when an activator is bound just upstream

d) PRM are strong, constitutive promoters, they bind RNA polymerase efficiently and direct transcription without help from an activator

Which of the following from the above combination is correct ?

#Question id: 538

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

Which of the following statements are correct about cells that form ATP mainly by glycolysis are

A) anaerobic yeasts.

B) lactic acid bacteria.

C) kidney medulla cells.

#Question id: 539

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

Which of the following mutases catalyze the formation of a 2,3-BPG intermediate?

A) muscle phosphoglycerate mutases

B) plant phosphoglycerate mutases

C) yeast phosphoglycerate mutases

#Question id: 540

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

During strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction in skeletal muscle must be reoxidized to NAD+ if glycolysis is to continue.  The most important reaction involved in the reoxidation of NADH is:

#Question id: 541

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

The overall △G for glycolysis is -72 kJ/mol in erythrocytes. Which statement below is true?

A) The value of △G0ʹ is also -72 kJ/mol since the cytosol pH is close to 7.

B) The free energy of glycolysis is found as the sum of the standard free energy changes for

the individual pathway reactions.

C) The negative sign of △G shows that this pathway will proceed toward product (pyruvate) under normal cellular conditions.

#Question id: 542

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

Hamsters love to run on exercise wheels. Prolonged running at a high rate of speed requires ATP. Could a hamster with a defective gene for the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase meet the extra ATP demand for prolonged, fast wheel-running by maintaining a high rate of glycolysis? Why or why not?

#Question id: 543

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

If glucose labeled with 14C at C^-1 (the aldehyde carbon) were metabolized in the liver, the first radioactive pyruvate formed would be labeled in: