Bioinformatics can be used to scan sequences for probable genes looking for start and stop sites for transcription and for translation, for probable splice sites, and for sequences known to be found in other known genes. Such sequences containing these elements are called

#Question id: 1128

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

During the epinephrine stimulated conversion of glycogen to glucose 1-phosphate, which of the following steps involves protein phosphorylation?

a. inactivation of glycogen synthase               b. activation of protein kinase A

c. activation of adenylyl cyclise                      d. activation of glycogen phosphorylase

#Question id: 1129

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following plays a role in the relaxation of smooth muscle cells by nitric oxide?

a. cGMP          b. protein kinase A      c. protein kinase G      d. guanylyl cyclise

#Question id: 1130

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

In muscle cells, glycogen phosphorylase kinase is activated by

a. Ca2+.           b. diacylglycerol.   c. nitric oxide.       d. protein kinase A.    

#Question id: 1131

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following function(s) as an inhibitor of TGFβ signal transduction?

a. R-Smad       b. I-Smad        c. Co-Smad     d. Ski   e. SnoN

#Question id: 1132

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following become(s) active as a kinase when an activation lip residue is phosphorylated?

a. EpoR                       b. JAK             c. STAT           d. Ras              e. MAPK

#Question id: 1133

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

What tertiary structure characterizes all cytokines?