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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 5214

What is the most probable explanation for the continued presence of pseudogenes in a genome such as our own?

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

  1. They are genes that had a function at one time, but that have lost their function because they have been translocated to a new location.

  2. They are genes that have accumulated mutations to such a degree that they would code for different functional products if activated.

  3. They are duplicates or near duplicates of functional genes but cannot function because they would provide inappropriate dosage of protein products.

  4. They are genes that are not expressed, even though they have nearly identical sequences to expressed genes.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16141

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Indicate to which branch of the immune system the following statements apply, using H for the humoral branch and CM for the cell-mediated branch. Which cells involve in both response?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16142

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Stem cells are defined by two capacities:
(1) the ability to regenerate or “self-renew” and
(2) the ability to differentiate into all diverse cell types. Embryonic stem cells have the capacity to generate every specialized cell type in an organism, in other words,
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16143

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells would not express surface markers specific for mature cells from the multiple blood lineages (“Lin” markers). They used several approaches to eliminate cells in the bone marrow that did express these markers (Lin+ cells) and then examined the remaining (Lin+) population for its potential to continually give rise to all blood cells over the long term. Lin- cells were, indeed, enriched for this potential. what marker is   express If cells inter in lymphoid lineages?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16144

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

  _______are motile phagocytic cells they play their most important role in the defense against multicellular parasitic organisms, including worms. They can be found clustering around invading worms, whose membranes are damaged by the activity of proteins released from its granules. it may also secrete cytokines that regulate B and T lymphocytes, thereby influencing the adaptive immune response.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16145

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

 Which line is not true for follicular dendritic cells?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16146

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

If a given lymphocyte divides to form two daughter cells, both daughters bear antigen receptors with antigen specificities identical to each other and to the parental cell from which they arose, and so will any descendants they produce. The resulting population of lymphocytes, all arising from the same founding lymphocyte, is a clone. Which interleukin is responsible for clone production?