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#Question id: 7102


How is the Spemann organizer distinguished from the other mesodermal cells during induction by the cells of the vegetal region?

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology
  1. The cells of the Spemann organizer become different as they pass over the dorsal lip of the blastopore during gastrulation.
  2. Beta-catenin, which has become localized to the nucleus in the Nieuwkoop center as a result of cortical rotation, turns on high levels of the TGF- signalling molecule, Nodal, and this relatively high level distinguishes the adjacent cells of the Spemann organizer from the rest of the mesoderm.
  3. The Spemann organizer is formed from cells of the Nieuwkoop center, which have migrated upward in the embryo.
  4. BMP-4 signalling from ventral mesodermal cells toward the dorsal region specify the dorsal-most cells as organizer.