In gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, cross-links form between:

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#Question id: 12699

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The following test results were obtained: urine flow rate = 2.0 ml/min; urine inulin concentration = 60 mg/ml; plasma inulin concentration = 2 mg/ml; urine potassium concentration = 20 μmol/ml; plasma potassium concentration = 4.0 μmol/ml; urine osmolarity = 150 mOsm/L; and plasma osmolarity = 300 mOsm/L. What is the free water clearance rate?

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#Question id: 12700

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A young man is found comatose, having taking an unknown number of sleeping pills an unknown time before. An arterial blood sample yields the following values: pH = 7.02, HCO3− = 14 mEq/L, and PCO2 = 68 mm Hg. This patient’s acid–base status is most accurately described as

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#Question id: 12701

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

In chronic respiratory acidosis with partial renal compensation, you would expect to find the following changes, compared to normal:___ urinary excretion of NH4+; ______ plasma HCO3− concentration; and _____ urine pH.

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#Question id: 12949

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

At which renal tubular sites would the concentration of creatinine be expected to be highest in a normally hydrated person?

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#Question id: 12950

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Increases in both renal blood flow and GFR are caused by which of the following?

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#Question id: 12951

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

If the cortical collecting tubule tubular fluid inulin concentration is 40 mg/100 ml and plasma concentration of inulin is 2.0 mg/100 ml, what is the approximate percentage of the filtered water that remains in the tubule at that point?