Which of the following statement justified that the PMZ in chick is functionally equivalent to the amphibian Nieuwkoop center?

A. The posterior marginal zone produces Wnt8c and that, the PMZ cells secrete Vg1, a member of the TGF-β family.

B. PMZ cells capable of inducing the accumulation of β-catenin

C. PMZ cells secretes BMP, a member of the TGF-β family.

D. PMZ secretes its own Nodal antagonist—the Lefty protein.

Which of the following combination is correct?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 30105

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Methotrexate is an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase. Administration of methotrexate would inhibit:

1. de novo synthesis of UMP.

2. conversion of dUMP to dTMP.

3. conversion of IMP to GMP.

4. de novo synthesis of IMP

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 30106

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

If a cell has an adequate supply of adenine nucleotides but requires more guanine nucleotides for protein synthesis:

1. Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase will not be fully inhibited.

2. AMP will be a feedback inhibitor of the condensation of IMP with aspartate.

3. ATP will stimulate the production of GMP from IMP.

4. ATP will inhibit nucleoside diphosphate reductase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 30107

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Major controls of de novo AMP synthesis include:

1. allosteric inhibition by GMP.

2. allosteric inhibition by AMP.

3. availability of PRPP.

4. stimulation by GTP.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 30108

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Aspartate plays a role in all of the following EXCEPT:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 30109

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Allopurinol is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Administration of allopurinol to a patient with gout and normal HG-PRT levels would be expected to lead to all of the following EXCEPT:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 30110

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The ribose phosphate group of purine nucleotide is taken from which compound?