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#Question id: 739


What is true about the rotation about bonds in a protein backbone?

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
  1. The rotation is free about all bonds in the backbone, except for the bond between the nitrogen and the alpha carbon in proline residues.

  2. The bond between the carbonyl carbon and nitrogen is restricted. Other bonds are free to rotate depending only on steric hindrance or the presence of proline residues.

  3. All bonds in the backbone have restricted rotation and partial double-bond character.

  4. The rotation is free only about the peptide bond. The other bonds are restricted by steric hindrance and the presence of proline residues.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10548

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

flg22-elicited response is dependent on the presence of the LRR receptor-like kinase, what will be the causes of mutant form of LRR receptor-like kinase FLS2?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10549

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Following are the list of some of the molecular “danger signals” (column I) and its characteristics (column II)                                                                                         

 Column I                                                                                   Column II

 a) MAMPs                               i) produce from the pathogen molecules support their ability to successfully colonize their host and gain nutritional benefits

b) DAMPs                               ii) A plant response to insect herbivores involve both a wound response and the recognition of certain compounds abundant in the insect’s saliva or regurgitant

c) Effectors                             iii) are conserved among a specific class of microorganisms such as chitin for fungi, flagella for bacteria

d) Elicitor                                iv) molecules secrete from the damaging plant by herbivory such as Prosystemin

Which of the following is the correct match between the signals and their respective mechanism?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10550

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Plants, in turn, evolved a second line of defense that recognize these intracellular effectors and trigger defense responses to render them harmless. As a result, plants possess a second type of immunity called,

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10551

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

plants possess a second type of immunity mediated by a set of highly specific intracellular receptors known as nucleotide binding site–leucine rich repeat (NBS–LRR) receptors. How NBS–LRRs become activated,

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10552

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Inactive NBS–LRR receptor activated by binding with the effector molecules with decoys or guardees directly triggering the defense response by stimulating______A_______ into the cell and ______B_________ out of the cell.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10553

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Cell walls allow plant cells to build up large internal hydrostatic pressures called