The term Ys , called the solute potential or the osmotic potential, represents the effect of dissolved solutes on water potential,

a) The mixing of solutes and water reduces the disorder of the system and thereby lowers free energy

b) Solutes reduce the free energy of water by diluting the water

c) The mixing of solutes and water increases the disorder of the system and thereby lowers free energy

d) Solutes increases the free energy of water by diluting the water

 Which one of the following statements are INCORRECT?

#Question id: 2202

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The distribution of K⁺ across an artificial membrane was measured, and the concentrations were found to be equal on both sides. Which of the following statements is true about the distribution of K⁺?

#Question id: 2203

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Parietal cells acidify the stomach contents while maintaining a neutral cytosolic pH by: 

a. exporting “excess” cytosolic OH– as HCO3–.
b. exchanging HCO3– for Cl–.
c. preserving electroneutrality by accompanying the movement of each Cl– ion into the stomach lumen by a K+.
d. the excess K+ ions pumped inward by the H+/K+ ATPase are returned to the stomach lumen, thus maintaining the normal intracellular K+ concentration.
Which of the following combination is correct?

#Question id: 2204

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

A mutant channel protein is expressed in an oocyte. Compared to patch clamping experiments in oocytes expressing the normal channel, the length of downward deviations is diminished by half. This indicates:

#Question id: 2205

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Amino acid entry into cells can occur via uniporters or symporters. If the rate of leucine entry into the cell increases when the pH decreases, this suggests:

#Question id: 2206

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The glucose uniporter GLUT1 has a Km of 1.5 mM for D-glucose and 30 mM for D-galactose.  At a concentration of 5 mM for each, what is the rate of glucose transport relative to galactose transport?  The Vmax may be assumed to be the same for both.

#Question id: 2207

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Why was it unexpected that transporter proteins are required for transmembrane fatty acid transport?