The colored pigments of plants are of two principal types: carotenoids and flavonoids. Given below some statements of about these pigments;

 a) Anthocyanins are colored flavonoids that attract animals

b) Flavonoids are phenolic compounds that include a wide range of colored substances

c) Carotenoids are coloured terpenoid compounds that also serve as accessory pigments in photosynthesis

d) most widespread group of pigmented carotenoids is the anthocyanins, these are glycosides that have sugars. Without their sugars, anthocyanins are known as anthocyanidins

Which of the following is incorrect statements of these pigments;

#Question id: 7287

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Following statements are regarding to the the floral quartet model and the underlying ABCDE model of organ identity determination in Arabidopsis thaliana.

A. Five floral organ identities (sepals, petals, stamens, carpels, and ovules) are specified by the formation of floral organ-specific tetrameric complexes of MADS-domain transcription factors that bind to two nearby enhancer elements, forming a DNA loop in between.

B. A complex of two class A proteins (APETALA 1) and two class E proteins  (SEPALLATA) determines petal identity.

C. A complex of one class A protein, one class E protein, and one of each of the class B proteins (APETALA 3 and PISTILLATA) determines sepal identity.

D. A complex of one class E protein, two class B proteins, and one class C protein (AGAMOUS) determines stamen identity, while a complex of two class E proteins and two class C proteins determines carpel identity.D. A complex of one class E protein, two class B proteins, and one class C protein (AGAMOUS) determines stamen identity, while a complex of two class E proteins and two class C proteins determines carpel identity.

E. A complex of one class E protein, one class C protein, and one of each of the class D proteins (SHATTERPROOF and SEEDSTICK) controls ovule identity.

Which of the following combination are correct?

#Question id: 7288

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Following statements are regarding to the expression of genes in floral quartate model in Arabidopsis thaliana.

A. Sepals- AP1(heterodimer) + SEP(homodimer)

B. Petals-AP1(monomer)+PI(monomer)+AP3(monomer)+SEP(monomer)

C. Stamens- AP3(monomer)+PI(monomer)+AG(monomer)+SEP(monomer)

D. Carpels- AG(homodimer)+SEP(homodimer)

Which of the following genetic combinations are incorrect?

#Question id: 7289

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The following scheme shows the flowering status of a plant species and the photoperiodism. Which of the following conclusions is most appropriate?

#Question id: 7289

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The following scheme shows the flowering status of a plant species and the photoperiodism. Which of the following conclusions is most appropriate?

#Question id: 7290

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Following figure regarding to regulatory network in the Arabidopsis shoot meristem stem-cell niche.

A. The transcription factor WUS is synthesized in the cell A and moves via plasmodesmata into cell B, where one of its functions is to induce expression of the CLV3.

B. The transcription factor CLV3 is synthesized in the cell A and moves via plasmodesmata into cell B, where one of its functions is to induce expression of the WUS.

C. Secreted CLV3 protein from cell B binds to the receptor protein kinase on the surface of cell A; there, it activates a signal that represses WUS transcription.

D. Secreted WUS protein from cell B binds to the receptor protein kinase on the surface of cell A; there, it activates a signal that represses CLV3 transcription.

Which of the following combination is correct?

#Question id: 7291

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Five different genes are known to specify floral organ identity in Arabidopsis: APETALA1 (AP1), APETALA2 (AP2), APETALA3 (AP3), PISTILLATA (PI), and AGAMOUS (AG).

Which one of the following statement is incorrect?