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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11290

Which of the following statement are incorrect?

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles
  1. Productivity/Biomass ratios in aquatic ecosystem are higher and energy transfer rates to higher trophic levels are faster than terrestrial ecosystem
  2. In aquatic ecosystems most plant and algal biomass can be consumed by herbivores than herbivore of terrestrial ecosystem
  3. Assimilation efficiencies for herbivores average only about 5–20% and are lower because even plant leaves have many indigestible cell walls
  4. Invertebrates tend to have higher production efficiencies than vertebrates, because they devote more energy to sustaining their metabolism
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1526

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Following statements are regarding to apoptosis.

A. In the worm apoptotic pathway, CED-3 (caspase-9 in mammals) is a protease required to destroy cell components during apoptosis.

B. CED-4 (Apaf-1) was able to accelerate the autoproteolytic cleavage and activation of purified CED-9

C. Once EGL-1 causes dissociation of the CED-4/CED-9 complex, the released CED-4 dimer joins with three other CED-4 dimers to make an octamer, which then activates CED-3

D. Many apoptotic stimuli lead to damage of the outer mitochondrial membrane, causing release into the cytosol of several proteins that stimulate apoptosis. In particular, cytochrome c released from mitochondria activates Apaf-1, which in turn activates caspase-3 and 7.

Which of the following combination is incorrect?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1527

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Following are the six fundamental properties of malignant tumors. Which of these properties are amenable to study in a cell culture model of cancer?

(I) self-sufficiency in growth signals

(II) insensitivity to antigrowth signals

(III) evasion of apoptosis

(IV) limitless replicative potential

(V) sustained angiogenesis

(VI) tissue invasion and metastasis
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1528

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Mutation of p53 is described as a dominant-negative mutation. Which of the following statement is correct regarding to the mechanism by which this mutation causes the dominant-negative phenotype?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1529

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following statements are true regarding to gain-of-function and loss-of-function mutations with respect to cancer.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1530

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

What are the differences and similarities between the transforming genes of retroviruses and those of DNA tumor viruses?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1532

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

For a particular microarray assay (DNA chip), cDNA has been made from the mRNAs of a dozen patients' breast tumor biopsies. Which of the following types of evidence will researchers be looking for in order to determine if the cells are cancerous?