Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are synthesized in the ________ but released from the ________.

#Question id: 10528

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The insect ingests plant tissue containing the fatty acids, an enzyme in the gut conjugates the plant-derived fatty acid to an insect-derived amino acid typically;

#Question id: 10529

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Insects produces an elicitors molecules that is caeliferins at the wound site in Arabidopsis plant, which induces

#Question id: 10535

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The insect ingests plant tissue containing the fatty acids, an enzyme in the gut conjugates the plant-derived fatty acid to an insect-derived amino acid to form an elicitor, When plants recognize elicitors from insect saliva induces some typical responses such as

a) Increasing Ca²⁺ levels in the cytosol and then activate an array of target proteins, such as calmodulin and other Ca²⁺-dependent protein kinases

b) In Arabidopsis, a calmodulin-binding transcriptional regulator called IQD1 was identified as an important mediator of defense responses against insect herbivory

c) overexpression of IQD1 in Arabidopsis activate the herbivore activity

d) IQD1 binds calmodulin, a major Ca2+-binding protein, in a Ca2+-dependent manner and subsequently inhibits the gene involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis

Which of the following combination from above statements is correct?

#Question id: 10536

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Hormonal interactions contribute to plant–insect herbivore interactions such as— ethylene, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. In particular, ethylene appears to play an important role in this context, what will be the effect of ethylene when is applied alone and when is applied with other amino acids?

a) ethylene applied together with JA it seems to reduces defense responses

b) Ethylene appears to applied alone to plants, ethylene has little effect on defense-related gene activation

c) when ethylene applied together with JA it seems to enhance JA responses or defense responses are significantly increased

d) Ethylene appears to applied alone to plants, ethylene has more effect on defense-related gene activation

Which of the following combination is correct about ethylene effects?

#Question id: 10537

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Given below some functions of the glutamate receptor-like (GLR) genes. Which one is incorrect?

#Question id: 10538

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Injury to the leaf caused by herbivory activates which types of ion channels?