A 57-year-old man is admitted as an emergency for upper GI bleeding. Endoscopy reveals multiple ulcers in the duodenum. Serum gastrin levels are eight-fold higher compared to normal. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES, gastrinoma) is suspected. Administration of which of the following substances is useful in confirming the diagnosis?

#Question id: 3389

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

In the first row of the table above, we record the initial genotypic frequencies before selection has acted. If mating has been random (an assumption of the model), the genotypes will have the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium frequencies of p2, 2pq, and q2) In the second row of the table above, fitness values of the corresponding genotypes. In the third row the proportion of the population represented by each genotype after selection is obtained by multiplying the initial genotypic frequency times its fitness. The frequency of A allele after selection will be

#Question id: 3390

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

The average numbers of offspring produced by three genotypes are: GG = 60; Gg = 30, gg = 20. What is the selection coefficient of gg?

#Question id: 3391

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Which of the following statements is an example of genetic drift?

a. Allele g for fat production increases in a small population because birds with more body fat have higher survivorship in a harsh winter.

b. Random mutation increases the frequency of allele A in one population but not in another.

c. Allele R reaches a frequency of 1.0 because individuals with genotype rr are sterile.

d. Allele m is lost when a virus kills all but a few individuals and just by chance none of the survivors possess allele m

#Question id: 3392

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Color blindness is X linked recessive disorder. X+ chromosome carry a normal allele but Xc chromosome carries defective allele. When frequency of colorblindness female (0.10), colorblind male (0.30) and heterozygous female (0.20). Random matting population, what will be frequency of carrier female?

#Question id: 3393

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Natural Selection can maintain a polymorphism when

a. heterozygote is fitter than the homozygote

b. Fitnesses of genotypes are negatively frequency dependent.

c. Fitnesses of genotypes are positive frequency dependent.

d. One homozygote is fitter than the heterozygote

#Question id: 3394

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

All genetic drift arises from sampling error.  There are several different ways in which sampling error can arise as a following

a. Reduced population size      b. Founder effect

c. Genetic bottleneck                d. Differ in sex ratio

Which of the following above way cause sampling error in succeed generation?